Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) play an important role in the dynamic of plant community in the south American Atlantic Rainforest biome. Even in protected areas, this biome is under several anthropic impacts, which can cause shifts in the soil microbiota, including AMF. This study aimed to determine the structure and composition of AMF community in areas of native Atlantic Forest and in natural regeneration and to identify which abiotic factors are influencing this community in these areas. Soil samples were collected at Monte Pascoal National and Historical Park, in Southern Bahia, in native and natural regeneration areas of Atlantic Forest in two seasons (rainy and dry). Greater number of glomerospores and richness and diversity of AMF were found in the area under regeneration, with differences between seasons being observed only for the number of glomerospores. Seventy-seven species of AMF were recorded, considering all areas and seasons, with Acaulospora and Glomus being the most representative genera. Greater abundance of species of the genera Acaulospora, Claroideoglomus, and Septoglomus was found in the regeneration area. The AMF community differed between the study areas, but not between seasons, with soil attributes (pH, K, Al, Mg, m, and clay) structuring factors for this difference in the AMF community. Atlantic Forest areas in natural regeneration and the soil edaphic factors provide changes in the structure and composition of the AMF community, increasing the richness and diversity of these fungi in conservation units.

丛枝菌根真菌 (AMF) 在南美大西洋热带雨林生物群落的植物群落动态中发挥着重要作用。即使在保护区内，该生物群落也受到多种人为影响，这可能导致土壤微生物群的变化，包括 AMF。本研究旨在确定大西洋原生森林地区和自然再生中 AMF 群落的结构和组成，并确定哪些非生物因素正在影响这些地区的该群落。在南巴伊亚州的蒙特帕斯科国家和历史公园，大西洋森林的原生和自然更新区在两个季节（雨季和旱季）收集土壤样品。在再生区域发现更多的球孢子和丰富多样的 AMF，仅观察到球孢子数量的季节差异。考虑到所有地区和季节，记录了 77 种 AMF，其中Acaulospora和Glomus是最具代表性的属。在再生区发现了更多的Acaulospora、Claroideoglomus和Septoglomus属物种。AMF 群落在研究区域之间存在差异，但在季节之间没有差异，土壤属性（pH、K、Al、Mg、m 和粘土）构成了 AMF 群落中这种差异的结构因素。自然更新的大西洋森林地区和土壤土壤因子改变了 AMF 群落的结构和组成，增加了保护单位中这些真菌的丰富度和多样性。