Environment and plant interactions are important drivers of forest community assembly and dynamics. This study explored how forest dynamics influence the phylogenetic structure of Tropical Atlantic Forests. We hypothesized that: (a) maximum diameter and maximum height are conserved traits within the phylogenetic lineages; (b) the set of dead large trees are more closely related to the set of living large trees than expected by chance; (c) mortality, recruitment and biomass variation are related to phylogenetic effects. We gathered data from 12,920 trees with diameter (DBH) ≥ 3.2 cm, from nine sites, distributed among seasonal semideciduous submontane forests, evergreen dense forests and gallery forests in Brazil. With this data we computed annual dynamic rates (mortality, recruitment, loss and gain of basal area), phylogenetic turnover and phylogenetic distance between dead and surviving trees, and recruits and surviving trees, within distinct size (DBH) classes. We found an overall tendency for higher mortality than recruitment, and higher gain than loss of basal area. Concomitantly, we detected an increase of phylogenetic clustering caused by exclusion of distant relatives, and a phylogenetic overdispersion among large trees (≥ 30 cm DBH) caused by exclusion of close relatives. We also observed high values of phylogenetic distance among recruits and surviving trees across different size classes. As the maximum height and maximum diameter are conserved functional traits, these findings indicate that negative interactions such as competition-like effects among large trees influence the phylogenetic structure and the forest dynamics, meanwhile successional change continuously excludes unfit phylogenetic lineages while recruits fit phylogenetic lineages.

中文翻译：

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热带大西洋森林的系统发育动力学

环境和植物相互作用是森林群落组装和动态的重要驱动因素。本研究探讨了森林动态如何影响热带大西洋森林的系统发育结构。我们假设：（a）最大直径和最大高度是系统发育谱系中的保守性状；(b) 死大树集合与活大树集合的关系比偶然预期的更密切；(c) 死亡率、补充和生物量变异与系统发育效应有关。我们从 9 个地点收集了 12,920 棵直径 (DBH) ≥ 3.2 cm 的树木的数据，这些树木分布在巴西的季节性半落叶山下森林、常绿茂密森林和廊道森林中。使用这些数据，我们计算了年度动态率（死亡率、补充率、基础面积的损失和增加），在不同大小 (DBH) 类别内，死亡和幸存树木以及新兵和幸存树木之间的系统发育周转和系统发育距离。我们发现死亡率高于招募，增加高于基础面积减少的总体趋势。同时，我们检测到由远亲排除引起的系统发育聚类的增加，以及由于近亲排除引起的大树（≥ 30 cm DBH）之间的系统发育过度分散。我们还观察到不同大小等级的新兵和幸存树木之间的系统发育距离的高值。由于最大高度和最大直径是保守的功能特征，这些发现表明大树之间的竞争效应等负面相互作用会影响系统发育结构和森林动态，