Salinity is one of the main causes of soil degradation, which reduces the capacity for biomass production. Naturally, saline soil is related to climatic, hydrogeological, and edaphic processes. Evaporite rocks are a potential source of gypsum and anhydrite in climates where annual rainfall does not exceed 400 mm. Like any salt, anhydrite contributes to salinity processes that reduce osmotic potential in plants, giving rise to water stress that reduces turgor in plants. In the Zona Media of San Luis Potosí, soil salinity is not homogeneous but rather varies spatially and is associated with soil genesis, agricultural irrigation water quality, and climate. Water sodicity (% Na), toxicity (pH, B³⁺ y Cl⁻), and salinity hazards were evaluated by applying agricultural water quality indices. Low sodicity hazard was found at all sample points; chloride and boron did not pose toxicity hazards, but high sulfate concentrations can lead to toxicity and calcium and magnesium deficiency. The salinity hazard was high, identified using OP, EC, TDS, ES, and PS indices. This condition is related to the region’s evaporite soils and semi-arid climate.

盐分是土壤退化的主要原因之一，这会降低生物量的生产能力。自然地，盐渍土壤与气候，水文地质和海生过程有关。在年降雨量不超过400毫米的气候中，蒸发岩是石膏和硬石膏的潜在来源。像任何盐一样，无水石膏有助于盐碱化过程，从而降低植物的渗透潜能，引起水分胁迫，从而降低植物的膨胀。在圣路易斯波托西州的佐纳媒体中，土壤盐分不是均匀的，而是在空间上变化的，并且与土壤成因，农业灌溉水质和气候有关。水的碱度（％Na），毒性（pH，B ³⁺ y Cl ⁻），并通过应用农业水质指数评估盐渍危害。在所有采样点均发现了低烟碱危害；氯化物和硼没有构成毒性危害，但是高浓度的硫酸盐会导致毒性以及钙和镁缺乏。使用OP，EC，TDS，ES和PS指数可以识别出盐分危害程度很高。这种情况与该地区的蒸发土壤和半干旱气候有关。