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Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting in Mali and Mauritania: Understanding Trends and Evaluating Policies
Studies in Family Planning ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-03-16 , DOI: 10.1111/sifp.12112
Valeria Cetorelli 1 , Ben Wilson 2, 3 , Ewa Batyra 4 , Ernestina Coast 4
Affiliation  

Despite international commitments to end female genital mutilation/cutting (FGM/C), very little is known about the effectiveness of national policies in contributing to the abandonment of this harmful practice. To help address this gap in knowledge, we apply a quasi‐experimental research design to study two west African countries, Mali and Mauritania. These countries have marked similarities with respect to practices of FGM/C, but differing legal contexts. A law banning FGM/C was introduced in Mauritania in 2005; in Mali, there is no legal ban on FGM/C. We use nationally representative survey data to reconstruct trends in FGM/C prevalence in both countries, from 1997 to 2011, and then use a difference‐in‐difference method to evaluate the impact of the 2005 law in Mauritania. FGM/C prevalence in Mauritania began to decline slowly for girls born in the early 2000s, with the decline accelerating for girls born after 2005. However, a similar trend is observable in Mali, where no equivalent law has been passed. Additional statistical analysis confirms that the 2005 law did not have a significant impact on reducing FGM/C prevalence in Mauritania. These findings suggest that legal change alone is insufficient for behavioral change with regard to FGM/C. This study demonstrates how it is possible to evaluate national policies using readily available survey data in resource‐poor settings.

中文翻译:

马里和毛里塔尼亚的女性外阴残割/切割:了解趋势和评估政策

尽管国际上承诺终止切割女性生殖器官 (FGM/C),但人们对国家政策在促进摒弃这种有害习俗方面的有效性知之甚少。为了帮助解决这一知识差距,我们采用准实验研究设计来研究两个西非国家,马里和毛里塔尼亚。这些国家在 FGM/C 做法方面有明显的相似之处,但法律背景不同。毛里塔尼亚于 2005 年出台了一项禁止 FGM/C 的法律;在马里,没有法律禁止 FGM/C。我们使用具有全国代表性的调查数据来重建两国 1997 年至 2011 年 FGM/C 流行的趋势,然后使用差异中的差异方法评估 2005 年法律对毛里塔尼亚的影响。对于 2000 年代初出生的女孩,毛里塔尼亚女性生殖器切割的流行率开始缓慢下降,2005 年以后出生的女孩下降速度加快。然而,在马里也可以观察到类似的趋势,马里没有通过相应的法律。额外的统计分析证实,2005 年的法律对减少毛里塔尼亚女性生殖器切割的流行没有显着影响。这些发现表明,仅靠法律变化不足以改变 FGM/C 的行为。本研究展示了如何在资源匮乏的环境中使用现成的调查数据来评估国家政策。额外的统计分析证实,2005 年的法律对减少毛里塔尼亚女性生殖器切割的流行没有显着影响。这些发现表明,仅靠法律变化不足以改变 FGM/C 方面的行为。本研究展示了如何在资源匮乏的环境中使用现成的调查数据来评估国家政策。额外的统计分析证实,2005 年的法律对减少毛里塔尼亚女性生殖器切割的流行率没有显着影响。这些发现表明,仅靠法律变化不足以改变 FGM/C 的行为。本研究展示了如何在资源匮乏的环境中使用现成的调查数据来评估国家政策。
更新日期:2020-03-16
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