In recent years, there has been increasing attention focused on the spatial dimensions of residential segregation—from the spatial arrangement of segregated neighborhoods to the geographic scale or relative size of segregated areas. However, the methods used to measure segregation do not incorporate features of the built environment, such as the road connectivity between locations or the physical barriers that divide groups. This paper introduces the spatial proximity and connectivity (SPC) method for measuring and analyzing segregation. The method addresses the limitations of current approaches by taking into account how the physical structure of the built environment affects the proximity and connectivity of locations. I describe the method and its application for studying segregation and spatial inequality more broadly, and I demonstrate one such application—analyzing the impact of physical barriers on residential segregation—with a stylized example and an empirical analysis of racial segregation in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. The SPC method contributes to scholarship on residential segregation by capturing the effect of an important yet understudied mechanism of segregation—the connectivity, or physical barriers, between locations—on the level and spatial pattern of segregation, and it enables further consideration of the role of the built environment in segregation processes.

中文翻译：

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测量和分析住宅隔离的空间邻近性和连通性方法

近年来，人们越来越关注居住隔离的空间维度——从隔离社区的空间布置到隔离区域的地理尺度或相对大小。然而，用于测量隔离的方法没有结合建筑环境的特征，例如位置之间的道路连通性或划分群体的物理障碍。本文介绍了用于测量和分析隔离的空间邻近性和连通性 (SPC) 方法。该方法通过考虑建筑环境的物理结构如何影响位置的邻近性和连通性来解决当前方法的局限性。我更广泛地描述了研究隔离和空间不平等的方法及其应用，我展示了一个这样的应用——分析物理障碍对住宅隔离的影响——用一个程式化的例子和宾夕法尼亚州匹兹堡的种族隔离的经验分析。SPC 方法通过捕捉一个重要但尚未得到充分研究的隔离机制——位置之间的连通性或物理障碍——对隔离的水平和空间格局的影响，有助于对住宅隔离的研究，并且它能够进一步考虑居住隔离的作用。隔离过程中的建筑环境。