The existing macro-historical scholarship tends to assert rather than demonstrate the wider impact of nationalism. Yet, state-sponsored national ideologies permeate the broader reaches of society to varying degrees. To investigate variations in the consolidation of official nationalism, this paper combines the content analysis of school textbooks as state-regulated and picture postcards as primarily market-driven sources. Building on this novel methodological approach, we find that textbooks published in mid-twentieth-century Argentina, Mexico, and Peru promoted a similar popular nationalism that portrayed the lower classes as “true” national subjects. However, picture postcards from the same period demonstrate that the consolidation of this official national ideology varied. In Mexico and Peru, the new state-sponsored conceptions of nationhood gained presence in public life, but they did not to take hold in Argentina. We conclude that studying the top-down nationalist messages promoted by states should not be equated with studying their ideological impact in public life.

中文翻译：

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教科书、明信片和拉丁美洲民族主义的公共巩固

现有的宏观历史学术倾向于主张而不是证明民族主义的更广泛影响。然而，国家支持的国家意识形态在不同程度上渗透到更广泛的社会领域。为了调查官方民族主义巩固的变化，本文结合了对作为国家监管的学校教科书和作为主要市场驱动来源的图片明信片的内容分析。基于这种新颖的方法论方法，我们发现 20 世纪中叶阿根廷、墨西哥和秘鲁出版的教科书宣扬了类似的流行民族主义，将下层阶级描绘成“真正的”民族主体。然而，同一时期的明信片表明，这种官方的民族意识形态的巩固是多种多样的。在墨西哥和秘鲁，国家支持的新国家概念出现在公共生活中，但它们并没有在阿根廷站稳脚跟。我们得出的结论是，研究国家所提倡的自上而下的民族主义信息不应等同于研究它们在公共生活中的意识形态影响。