In contrast to the portrayal of archives as neutral sites that contain evidence of times past, this paper examines the construction of three archives during and after the Holocaust to highlight the challenges involved in gathering, preserving, and sharing documents produced by victimized populations. Specifically, I analyze the construction of, and conflicts among, the archives of the Centre de Documentation Juive Contemporaine in Paris, the YIVO Institute for Jewish Research in New York, and the International Institute for Holocaust Research at Yad Vashem in Jerusalem. Each archive purports to contain the history of Jews in France during the Holocaust and strived in its aftermath not only to gather the remnants of European Jewish history but to reconstitute it, leading to contestations over what it meant to be Jewish in turn. Through analysis of the conflicts among these three archives, I show how debates over the possession of documents after genocide became symbolic debates about Jewish history and identity that would shape each of these archives for generations to come. I generalize from the example to discuss the practical implications of working with conflicting archives and examine the broader lessons for social scientists who wish to give “voice to the voiceless” by working with documents produced by victimized populations.

中文翻译：

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你如何修复破碎的世界？大屠杀后的冲突档案

与将档案描述为包含过去时代证据的中立地点相比，本文考察了大屠杀期间和之后的三个档案馆的建设，以突出收集、保存和共享受害人群制作的文件所涉及的挑战。具体而言，我分析了巴黎当代青年文献中心、纽约 YIVO 犹太研究所和耶路撒冷大屠杀纪念馆国际大屠杀研究所档案的构建和冲突。每个档案都声称包含大屠杀期间法国犹太人的历史，并且在大屠杀之后不仅努力收集欧洲犹太人历史的残余，而且还努力重建它，从而导致对犹太人意味着什么的争论。通过分析这三个档案之间的冲突，我展示了关于种族灭绝后文件拥有的争论如何成为关于犹太历史和身份的象征性争论，这些争论将塑造未来几代档案中的每一个。我从这个例子中概括讨论了处理冲突档案的实际意义，并为希望通过处理受害人群制作的文件来“为无声者发声”的社会科学家研究更广泛的经验教训。