Abstract This study aimed to test the predictive and incremental value of psychopathic trait dimensions in early childhood. To this end, a callous-unemotional (CU)-based approach was compared to the multidimensional psychopathic personality approach in predicting future and stable conduct problems (CP) and aggression, whilst controlling for well-established risk factors for child CP. Prospective longitudinal data were collected from a community sample of 2247 children (48.6% girls) aged three to six (Mage = 4.25; SD = 0.91) at the initial assessment. Participants were followed annually for two years, with information provided by parents. Children were assigned to six mutually exclusive groups based on their baseline levels of psychopathic traits and conduct problems. Results showed that, after accounting for sociodemographic variables, temperamental features (e.g., fearlessness), and ADHD symptoms, children scoring high in all psychopathic traits and high in CP were at increased risk to display future and stable CP, reactive and proactive aggression, followed by the group of children high in CU traits and CP. Future research on child psychopathy may benefit from considering the constellation of co-occurring interpersonal, affective and behavioral psychopathic traits, and could inform developmental models aiming to explain heterogeneity in child CP.

中文翻译：

---

在学龄前儿童中测试冷酷无情特征与多维精神病结构的预测和增量有效性

摘要 本研究旨在测试儿童早期心理变态特征维度的预测价值和增量价值。为此，在预测未来和稳定的行为问题 (CP) 和攻击性方面，将基于冷酷无情 (CU) 的方法与多维精神病态人格方法进行了比较，同时控制了儿童 CP 的既定风险因素。在初步评估时，从 2247 名 3 至 6 岁儿童（48.6% 女孩）（Mage = 4.25；SD = 0.91）的社区样本中收集了前瞻性纵向数据。参与者每年接受一次为期两年的随访，信息由父母提供。根据他们的精神病特征和行为问题的基线水平，儿童被分配到六个相互排斥的组。结果表明，在考虑社会人口变量后，性特征（例如，无所畏惧）和 ADHD 症状，所有精神病特征和 CP 得分高的儿童显示未来和稳定的 CP、反应性和主动攻击性的风险增加，其次是 CU 特征高的儿童组和CP。未来对儿童精神病的研究可能会受益于同时发生的人际关系、情感和行为精神病特征的星座，并可以为旨在解释儿童 CP 异质性的发展模型提供信息。