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An Agent-Based Model for Simulating Inter-Settlement Trade in Past Societies
Journal of Artificial Societies and Social Simulation ( IF 2.2 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-01 , DOI: 10.18564/jasss.4341
Angelos Chliaoutakis , Georgios Chalkiadakis

Social and computational archaeology focuses largely on the study of past societies and the evolution of human behaviour. At the same time, agent-basedmodels (ABMs) allow the e icientmodeling of human agency, and the quantitative representation and exploration of specific properties and patterns in archaeological information. In this work we put forward a novel agent-based trading model, for simulating the exchange anddistributionof resources across settlements inpast societies. Themodel is part of a broader ABMpopulated with autonomous, utility-seeking agents corresponding to households; with the ability to employ any spatial interaction model of choice. As such, it allows the study of the settlements’ trading ability and power, given their geo-location and their position within the trading network, and the structural properties of the network itself. As a case study we use the Minoan society during the Bronze Age, in the wider area of “Knossos” on the island of Crete, Greece. We instantiate two well-known spatial interaction sub-models, XTENT and Gravity, and conduct a systematic evaluation of the dynamic trading network that is formed over time. Our simulations assess the sustainability of the artificial Minoan society in terms of population size, number and distribution of agent communities, with respect to the available archaeological data and spatial interactionmodel employed; and, further, evaluate the resulting trading network’s structure (centrality, clustering, etc.) and how it a ects inter-settlement organization, providing in the process insights and support for archaeological hypotheses on the settlement organization in place at the time. Our results show that when the trading network is modeled using Gravity, which focuses on the settlements’ “importance” rather than proximity to each other, settlement numbers’ evolution patterns emerge that are similar to the ones that exist in the archaeological record. It can also be inferred by our simulations that a rather dense trading network, without a strict settlement hierarchy, could have emerged during the LateMinoan period, a er the Theran volcanic eruption, a well documented historic catastrophic event. Moreover, it appears that the trading network’s structure and interaction patterns are reversed a er the Theran eruption, when compared to those in e ect in earlier periods.

中文翻译:

基于Agent的过去社会间结算贸易模拟模型

社会和计算考古学主要研究过去的社会和人类行为的演变。同时,基于代理的模型(ABM)可以对人类机构进行有效的建模,并可以定量表示和探索考古信息中的特定属性和模式。在这项工作中,我们提出了一种新颖的基于代理的交易模型,用于模拟跨殖民地社会中资源的交换和分配。该模型是更广泛的ABM的一部分,该ABM填充有与家庭相对应的自治的,寻求实用程序的代理;能够采用任何选择的空间相互作用模型。因此,鉴于定居点的地理位置和在交易网络中的位置,它可以研究定居点的交易能力和实力,以及网络本身的结构特性。作为案例研究,我们使用了青铜时代的米诺斯族社会,在希腊克里特岛上的“克诺索斯”地区更为广泛。我们实例化两个著名的空间交互子模型XTENT和Gravity,并对随时间形成的动态交易网络进行系统评估。我们的模拟根据可用的考古数据和所采用的空间相互作用模型,根据人口规模,特工社区的数量和分布来评估人工米诺斯社会的可持续性;并进一步评估由此产生的交易网络的结构(集中度,集群等)以及它如何影响跨结算组织,在此过程中,为当时存在的定居组织提供有关考古假设的见解和支持。我们的结果表明,当使用Gravity建模贸易网络时,其着力点是定居点的“重要性”,而不是彼此之间的接近程度,因此出现了定居点的演变方式,与考古记录中的相似。通过我们的模拟还可以推断出,在密歇根州晚期可能形成了一个相当密集的贸易网络​​,而没有严格的结算层次,这是塞兰火山喷发,这是有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。我们的结果表明,当使用Gravity建模贸易网络时,其着力点是定居点的“重要性”,而不是彼此之间的接近程度,因此出现了定居点的演变方式,与考古记录中的相似。通过我们的模拟还可以推断出,在密歇根州晚期可能形成了一个相当密集的贸易网络​​,而没有严格的结算层次,这是塞拉火山喷发,这是有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。我们的结果表明,当使用Gravity建模贸易网络时,其着力点是定居点的“重要性”,而不是彼此之间的接近程度,因此出现了定居点的演变方式,与考古记录中的相似。通过我们的模拟还可以推断出,在密歇根州晚期可能形成了一个相当密集的贸易网络​​,而没有严格的结算层次,这是塞拉火山喷发,这是有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。出现的定居点演变方式与考古记录中的相似。通过我们的模拟还可以推断出,在密歇根州晚期可能形成了一个相当密集的贸易网络​​,而没有严格的结算层次,这是塞拉火山喷发,这是有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。出现的定居点演变方式与考古记录中的相似。通过我们的模拟还可以推断出,在密歇根州晚期可能形成了一个相当密集的贸易网络​​,而没有严格的结算层次,这是塞拉火山喷发,这是有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。有据可查的历史性灾难性事件。而且,与早期相比,交易网络的结构和互动模式在Theran喷发中被颠倒了。
更新日期:2020-01-01
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