Newly available sources show how the 1993–95 debate over the best means of expanding the North Atlantic Treaty Organization unfolded inside the Clinton administration. This evidence comes from documents recently declassified by the Clinton Presidential Library, the Defense Department, and the State Department because of appeals by the author. As President Bill Clinton repeatedly remarked, the two key questions about enlargement were when and how. The sources make apparent that, during a critical decisionmaking period twenty-five years ago, supporters of a relatively swift conferral of full membership to a narrow range of countries outmaneuvered proponents of a slower, phased conferral of limited membership to a wide range of states. Pleas from Central and Eastern European leaders, missteps by Russian President Boris Yeltsin, and victory by the pro-expansion Republican Party in the 1994 U.S. congressional election all helped advocates of full-membership enlargement to win. The documents also reveal the surprising impact of Ukrainian politics on this debate and the complex roles played by both Strobe Talbott, a U.S. ambassador and later deputy secretary of state, and Andrei Kozyrev, the Russian foreign minister. Finally, the sources suggest ways in which the debate's outcome remains significant for transatlantic and U.S.-Russian relations today.

中文翻译：

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如何扩大北约：克林顿政府内部的辩论，1993-95

新获得的资料显示了 1993-95 年关于扩大北大西洋公约组织的最佳方式的辩论是如何在克林顿政府内部展开的。该证据来自克林顿总统图书馆、国防部和国务院最近因作者上诉而解密的文件。正如比尔克林顿总统反复指出的那样，关于扩大的两个关键问题是何时以及如何扩大。消息来源表明，在 25 年前的一个关键决策时期，支持相对迅速地向少数国家授予正式成员资格的支持者战胜了支持以较慢的、分阶段的方式向范围广泛的国家授予有限成员资格的支持者。中欧和东欧领导人的恳求，俄罗斯总统鲍里斯·叶利钦的失误，1994 年美国国会选举中支持扩张的共和党的胜利，都帮助支持正式成员扩大的支持者获胜。这些文件还揭示了乌克兰政治对这场辩论的惊人影响，以及美国大使、后来的副国务卿斯特罗布·塔尔博特和俄罗斯外交部长安德烈·科济列夫所扮演的复杂角色。最后，消息来源提出了辩论结果对今天的跨大西洋和美俄关系仍然具有重要意义的方式。和俄罗斯外交部长安德烈·科济列夫。最后，消息来源提出了辩论结果对今天的跨大西洋和美俄关系仍然具有重要意义的方式。和俄罗斯外交部长安德烈·科济列夫。最后，消息来源提出了辩论结果对今天的跨大西洋和美俄关系仍然具有重要意义的方式。