Abstract. The main priority of the first of James Cook's famous voyages of discovery was the observation of the transit of Venus at Tahiti. Following that, he was ordered to embark on a search for new lands in the South Pacific Ocean. Cook had instructions to record as many aspects of the environment as possible at each place that he visited, including the character of the tide. This paper makes an assessment of the quality of Cook's tidal observations using modern knowledge of the tide, and with an assumption that no major tidal changes have taken place during the past two and half centuries. We conclude that Cook's tidal measurements were accurate in general to about 0.5 ft (15 cm) in height and 0.5 h in time. Those of his findings which are less consistent with modern insight can be explained by the short stays of the Endeavour at some places. Cook's measurements were good enough (or unique enough) to be included in global compilations of tidal information in the 18th century and were used in the 19th century in the construction of the first worldwide tidal atlases. In most cases, they support Cook's reputation as a good observer of the environment.

中文翻译：

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詹姆斯·库克（<i> Endeavour </ i>）航行期间的潮汐测量

摘要。詹姆斯·库克（James Cook）第一次著名的发现之旅的首要任务是在大溪地观测金星的过境。之后，他被命令着手在南太平洋寻找新的土地。库克有指示要在他访问的每个地方记录尽可能多的环境方面的信息，包括潮汐的特征。本文利用潮汐的现代知识对库克潮汐观测的质量进行了评估，并假设在过去的两个半世纪中没有发生重大潮汐变化。我们得出的结论是，库克的潮汐测量通常精确到高度约0.5英尺（15厘米），时间约0.5小时。他的发现与现代见解不太一致，这可以通过奋进在某些地方短暂停留来解释。库克的测量足够好（或足够独特），可以被包括在18世纪的全球潮汐信息汇编中，并在19世纪用于建造全球首个潮汐图集。在大多数情况下，它们支持库克作为环境的良好观察者的声誉。