This paper aims to evaluate the localised effects of major airports on urban economies. We analyse employment change at privatised Australian airports, adjacent employment areas and major metropolitan employment centres. Time series employment data from 2001, 2006 and 2011 has been used to identify 61 employment centres in Sydney, Melbourne, Brisbane and Perth metropolitan areas. Regression models suggest that centre size, proximity to motorways and labour force accessibility are more important determinants of employment centre growth than airport accessibility. However, the privatisation of airports has also caused substantial development of commercial properties at airports, facilitating strong non-aviation-related employment growth at Brisbane and Perth airports. In contrast, Sydney and Melbourne airports have largely remained specialised centres with a strong focus on transport and warehousing. Due to significant increases in prices for land and real estate at privatised airports, spill-over effects can be identified around airports, transforming adjacent suburbs from industrial areas to more mixed use employment centres. The results of this study confirm research findings on employment growth around major US airports.

中文翻译：

---

机场对大都市就业空间格局的影响：以澳大利亚为例

本文旨在评估主要机场对城市经济的局部影响。我们分析了澳大利亚私有化机场、邻近就业区和主要大都市就业中心的就业变化。2001、2006 和 2011 年的时间序列就业数据已被用于确定悉尼、墨尔本、布里斯班和珀斯大都市区的 61 个就业中心。回归模型表明，中心规模、靠近高速公路和劳动力可达性是就业中心增长的更重要决定因素，而不是机场可达性。然而，机场的私有化也导致了机场商业地产的大幅发展，促进了布里斯班和珀斯机场非航空相关的就业增长。相比之下，悉尼和墨尔本机场在很大程度上仍然是专业中心，重点关注运输和仓储。由于私有化机场的土地和房地产价格大幅上涨，可以确定机场周围的溢出效应，将邻近郊区从工业区转变为更多用途的就业中心。这项研究的结果证实了关于美国主要机场周围就业增长的研究结果。