The last four decades have witnessed tremendous growth in research studies applying neuroimaging methods to evaluate pathophysiological and treatment aspects of psychiatric disorders around the world. This article provides a brief history of psychiatric neuroimaging research in Brazil, including quantitative information about the growth of this field in the country over the past 20 years. Also described are the various methodologies used, the wealth of scientific questions investigated, and the strength of international collaborations established. Finally, examples of the many methodological advances that have emerged in the field of in vivo neuroimaging are provided, with discussion of the challenges faced by psychiatric research groups in Brazil, a country of limited resources, to continue incorporating such innovations to generate novel scientific data of local and global relevance.

中文翻译：

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巴西的精神病学神经影像学研究：历史概述、当前挑战和未来机遇

在过去的四年里，世界各地应用神经影像学方法评估精神疾病的病理生理学和治疗方面的研究取得了巨大的发展。本文简要介绍了巴西精神病学神经影像学研究的历史，包括过去 20 年来该领域在该国发展的定量信息。还描述了所使用的各种方法、研究的科学问题的丰富性以及建立的国际合作的力量。最后，提供了在体内神经影像学领域出现的许多方法学进步的例子，并讨论了巴西这个资源有限的国家的精神病学研究小组面临的挑战，