Objective: This study investigated how factors of temperament and early maladaptive schemas predict psychiatric symptoms, as well as how they mediate the relation between early life stress and psychiatric symptoms in adults. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 200 university students. Data was collected through a sociodemographic questionnaire, the Adult Self-Report Inventory, the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, the Young Schema Questionnaire, and the Temperament and Character Inventory-Revised. Results: A model including early maladaptive schemas, harm avoidance (temperament factor), and early life stress explained 69% of the variation of the psychiatric symptoms; among the predictors, early maladaptive schemas explained 31% of psychiatric symptoms, while harm avoidance explained 25%. Most of the predictive power associated with early life stress can be better explained by early maladaptive schemas and, to a lesser extent, harm avoidance. Conclusion: By managing these processes therapeutically, deleterious effects associated with early life stress can be minimized.

中文翻译：

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早期适应不良图式和避免伤害作为成人早期生活压力和精神症状之间的中介因素

目的：本研究调查了气质因素和早期适应不良图式如何预测精神症状，以及它们如何调节成人早期生活压力与精神症状之间的关系。方法：对 200 名大学生进行横断面研究。数据是通过社会人口调查问卷、成人自我报告问卷、童年创伤问卷、年轻图式问卷和气质和性格问卷 - 修订收集的。结果：包括早期适应不良图式、伤害回避（气质因素）和早期生活压力的模型解释了 69% 的精神症状变异；在预测因素中，早期适应不良图式解释了 31% 的精神症状，而避免伤害解释了 25%。大多数与早期生活压力相关的预测能力可以通过早期适应不良图式和在较小程度上避免伤害来更好地解释。结论：通过治疗管理这些过程，可以最大限度地减少与早期生活压力相关的有害影响。