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Lowering costs for large-scale screening in psychosis: a systematic review and meta-analysis of performance and value of information for speech-based psychiatric evaluation
Brazilian Journal of Psychiatry ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-01 , DOI: 10.1590/1516-4446-2019-0722
Felipe Argolo 1 , Guilherme Magnavita 2 , Natalia Bezerra Mota 3 , Carolina Ziebold 4 , Dirceu Mabunda 5 , Pedro M. Pan 4 , André Zugman 6 , Ary Gadelha 4 , Cheryl Corcoran 7 , Rodrigo A. Bressan 1
Affiliation  

Objective: Obstacles for computational tools in psychiatry include gathering robust evidence and keeping implementation costs reasonable. We report a systematic review of automated speech evaluation for the psychosis spectrum and analyze the value of information for a screening program in a healthcare system with a limited number of psychiatrists (Maputo, Mozambique). Methods: Original studies on speech analysis for forecasting of conversion in individuals at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis, diagnosis of manifested psychotic disorder, and first-episode psychosis (FEP) were included in this review. Studies addressing non-verbal components of speech (e.g., pitch, tone) were excluded. Results: Of 168 works identified, 28 original studies were included. Valuable speech features included direct measures (e.g., relative word counting) and mathematical embeddings (e.g.: word-to-vector, graphs). Accuracy estimates reported for schizophrenia diagnosis and CHR conversion ranged from 71 to 100% across studies. Studies used structured interviews, directed tasks, or prompted free speech. Directed-task protocols were faster while seemingly maintaining performance. The expected value of perfect information is USD 9.34 million. Imperfect tests would nevertheless yield high value. Conclusion: Accuracy for screening and diagnosis was high. Larger studies are needed to enhance precision of classificatory estimates. Automated analysis presents itself as a feasible, low-cost method which should be especially useful for regions in which the physician pool is insufficient to meet demand.

中文翻译:

降低精神病大规模筛查的成本:对基于言语的精神病学评估信息的性能和价值的系统评价和荟萃分析

目标:精神病学计算工具的障碍包括收集可靠的证据和保持合理的实施成本。我们报告了对精神病谱的自动语音评估的系统评价,并分析了信息对精神病医生数量有限的医疗保健系统中筛查计划的价值(莫桑比克马普托)。方法:本综述纳入了关于预测精神病临床高危 (CHR)、明显精神病性障碍的诊断和首发精神病 (FEP) 个体转变的语音分析的原始研究。排除了针对语音的非语言成分(例如,音调、音调)的研究。结果:在确定的 168 篇作品中,包括 28 篇原创研究。有价值的语音特征包括直接测量(例如,相对词计数)和数学嵌入(例如:词到向量、图形)。跨研究报告的精神分裂症诊断和 CHR 转换的准确度估计范围为 71% 到 100%。研究使用了结构化访谈、定向任务或提示性言论自由。定向任务协议在保持性能的同时更快。完美信息的期望值为 934 万美元。然而,不完美的测试会产生很高的价值。结论:筛查诊断准确率高。需要更大规模的研究来提高分类估计的精确度。自动分析本身是一种可行的低成本方法,对于医生库不足以满足需求的地区尤其有用。跨研究报告的精神分裂症诊断和 CHR 转换的准确度估计范围为 71% 到 100%。研究使用了结构化访谈、定向任务或提示性言论自由。定向任务协议在保持性能的同时更快。完美信息的期望值为 934 万美元。然而,不完美的测试会产生很高的价值。结论:筛查诊断准确率高。需要更大规模的研究来提高分类估计的精确度。自动分析本身是一种可行的低成本方法,对于医生库不足以满足需求的地区尤其有用。跨研究报告的精神分裂症诊断和 CHR 转换的准确度估计范围为 71% 到 100%。研究使用了结构化访谈、定向任务或提示性言论自由。定向任务协议在保持性能的同时更快。完美信息的期望值为 934 万美元。然而,不完美的测试会产生很高的价值。结论:筛查诊断准确率高。需要更大规模的研究来提高分类估计的精确度。自动分析本身是一种可行的低成本方法,对于医生库不足以满足需求的地区尤其有用。定向任务协议在保持性能的同时更快。完美信息的期望值为 934 万美元。然而,不完美的测试会产生很高的价值。结论:筛查诊断准确率高。需要更大规模的研究来提高分类估计的精确度。自动分析本身是一种可行的低成本方法,对于医生库不足以满足需求的地区尤其有用。定向任务协议在保持性能的同时更快。完美信息的期望值为 934 万美元。然而,不完美的测试会产生很高的价值。结论:筛查诊断准确率高。需要更大规模的研究来提高分类估计的精确度。自动分析本身是一种可行的低成本方法,对于医生库不足以满足需求的地区尤其有用。
更新日期:2020-12-01
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