Although smoking rates have declined in most of the countries in the world, there are population groups within these countries whose smoking rates remain significantly higher than the general population. These "forgotten groups" who have not been receiving the needed attention in tobacco control policies and tobacco cessation efforts include people with serious mental illness, substance use disorders, tuberculosis, people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), lesbian-gay-bisexual-transgender-queer people, and pregnant women. A number of steps are needed at the national level in countries where these disparities exist, including modifications to national smoking cessation treatment guidelines that address the special needs of these populations, as well as targeted smoking cessation research, since these populations are often not included in clinical trials. Because of the higher smoking prevalence in these populations, as well as their lower smoking cessation treatment success rates than the general population, more resources are needed if we are to reduce health disparities in these vulnerable populations. Additionally, we believe that more effort should be focused on integrating smoking cessation treatment in the specialized care settings frequented by these subpopulations.

中文翻译：

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特殊人群的烟草依赖治疗：挑战与机遇

尽管世界上大多数国家的吸烟率都有所下降，但这些国家的某些人群的吸烟率仍然明显高于一般人群。这些在烟草控制政策和戒烟工作中没有得到应有关注的“被遗忘的群体”包括患有严重精神疾病、物质使用障碍、肺结核、人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV) 感染者、男女同性恋双性恋者。跨性别酷儿和孕妇。存在这些差异的国家需要在国家层面采取一些步骤，包括修改国家戒烟治疗指南以解决这些人群的特殊需求，以及有针对性的戒烟研究，因为这些人群通常不包括在临床试验中。由于这些人群的吸烟率较高，而且他们的戒烟治疗成功率低于一般人群，如果我们要减少这些弱势人群的健康差距，就需要更多的资源。此外，我们认为应该更多地努力将戒烟治疗整合到这些亚群经常光顾的专门护理环境中。