Forensic DNA phenotyping (FDP) encompasses a set of technologies geared towards inferring externally visible characteristics from DNA traces found at crime scenes. As such, they are used to generate facial renderings of unknown suspects. First, through the configuration of molecularly inscribed parts, pigmentary traits are assembled into a probabilistic rendition of the face; second, facial features are landscaped from DNA to produce a metrically rendered face; third, by geographically ordering DNA, an unknown suspect is attributed a particular genetic ancestry as to give him a face. We ethnographically examine these FDP practices within and beyond the laboratory to demonstrate how the promise of individuality—namely the face of the suspect—comes with the production of collectives. And it is precisely these collectives that are a matter of concern in the context of crime, as they rapidly become racialized. We show that each of these FDP practices folds in disparate histories—variously implicating the individual and the collective—while giving rise to different versions of race. The “race sorting logic” (Fullwiley in Br J Sociol 66(1):36–45, 2015) displays the tenacity of race in genetics research and its practical applications.

中文翻译：

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面对未知嫌疑人：法医DNA表型与个体与集体之间的振荡

法医 DNA 表型 (FDP) 包含一组旨在从犯罪现场发现的 DNA 痕迹推断外部可见特征的技术。因此，它们用于生成未知嫌疑人的面部渲染。首先，通过分子内刻部分的配置，将色素特征组装成面部的概率再现；其次，面部特征是从 DNA 中生成的，以生成一个有度量渲染的面部；第三，通过对 DNA 进行地理排序，一个未知的嫌疑人被归因于特定的遗传血统，以便给他一张脸。我们从人种学角度考察了实验室内外的这些 FDP 实践，以证明个性的承诺——即嫌疑人的面孔——如何伴随着集体的产生。正是这些集体在犯罪背景下受到关注，因为他们迅速变得种族化。我们表明，这些 FDP 实践中的每一个都在不同的历史中折叠——不同程度地涉及个人和集体——同时产生了不同版本的种族。“种族分类逻辑”（Fullwiley in Br J Sociol 66(1):36–45, 2015）显示了种族在遗传学研究及其实际应用中的顽强性。