Researchers contemplating the experiences of Ghana and South Korea often emphasize a divergent pattern of economic development. Such endeavors, generally articulated with reference to mid-twentieth century benchmarks, often suggest Ghana had relatively better prospects of economic development. However highlights from these efforts often miss the fact that the ruling elites of both states faced and resolved similar strategic imperatives in the quest for democratic stability. Using North et al.’s notion of limited access orders, I contend that the two elite systems initially confronted pressures of systemic violence and economic stagnation. In the quest for democratic stability, the respective elite constituencies adopted the same tactic of selective inclusion so as to generate rents to secure the credible commitment of potentially disruptive elites. If recent political developments are credible indicators, it may be argued that both states are maturing into stable democracies. This notwithstanding, Ghana’s elites seem to lag behind South Korea when it comes to engineering a benign fusion of democratic stability with deep horizontal economic empowerment. Given this, South Korean elites can offer useful insights to their Ghanaian counterparts.

中文翻译：

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在两个有限的访问命令系统中寻求民主稳定的观点：加纳和韩国

研究加纳和韩国经验的研究人员经常强调经济发展模式的差异。通常参照二十世纪中叶基准进行的此类努力通常表明加纳的经济发展前景相对较好。然而，这些努力的亮点常常错过这样一个事实，即两国的统治精英在寻求民主稳定时面临并解决了类似的战略要务。我使用North等人的有限访问权限的概念来主张，这两个精英系统最初都面临着系统暴力和经济停滞的压力。为了追求民主稳定，各个精英选区采取了相同的选择性包容策略，以产生租金以确保潜在破坏性精英的可靠承诺。如果最近的政治事态发展是可靠的指标，则可以说这两个国家都在走向稳定的民主国家。尽管如此，加纳的精英们在设计民主稳定与深层横向经济授权的良性融合时似乎落后于韩国。鉴于此，韩国精英可以为加纳的同行提供有用的见解。