Increased attention is being paid to networks in public administration and development policy, yet there is limited understanding of how voluntary global networks form and why some of these networks cohere and emerge faster than others. Comparisons between the global networks for tuberculosis (TB) and pneumonia reveal processes of network formation relevant to other contexts. Though selected as most similar paired cases, their trajectories of network emergence diverged and TB's formed far earlier and more easily. By using a theoretic framework allowing for networks to be considered as outcomes of a policy process, this study reveals an iterative process of network emergence corresponding to the three streams model of issue attention. Successful emergence is based on building shared identities among policy entrepreneurs, agreeing on issue frames, creating institutions, developing relationships, sustaining latent networks during issue neglect, and linking to opportunities in the policy environment. Further, this study reveals that once formed, network structures enable access to political opportunities and more effective development policymaking and governance. Additionally, for networks struggling to take shape, we identify deliberate efforts that can overcome earlier iterations of failed attempts at network formation.

中文翻译：

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解释全球网络的出现和不存在：比较结核病和肺炎的网络形成过程

人们越来越重视公共行政和发展政策中的网络，但对于自愿全球网络的形成方式以及为什么其中一些网络比其他网络凝聚和发展得更快的认识有限。全球结核病和肺炎网络之间的比较揭示了与其他情况相关的网络形成过程。尽管被选为最相似的配对病例，但它们的网络出现轨迹却有所不同，结核病的形成要早得多且容易得多。通过使用允许网络被视为政策过程结果的理论框架，本研究揭示了与问题关注的三个流模型相对应的网络出现的迭代过程。成功的崛起基于建立政策企业家之间的共同身份，在议题框架上达成共识，建立机构，发展关系，在忽略议题期间维持潜在网络，以及与政策环境中的机会建立联系。此外，这项研究表明，网络结构一旦形成，便能够获得政治机会以及更有效的发展政策制定和治理。此外，为使挣扎中的网络成型，我们确定了可以克服网络形成失败尝试的早期迭代的有计划的努力。