Fifty years ago, due process was introduced into the juvenile courts, but today children still do not have the guiding hand of counsel at every stage of the proceedings. In assessing the pre‐Gault world, Chief Justice Fortas observed that “[a] child receives the worst of both worlds:…he gets neither the protections accorded to adults nor the solicitous care and regenerative treatment postulated for children.”11 In Re Gault, 387 U.S. 1, 18 n. 23 (1967) (quoting Kent v. U.S., 383 U.S. 541, 556 (1966) (applying principles of fundamental fairness to transfer hearings pursuant to the Fourteenth Amendment).
Fortas opined that “Then as now good will and compassion were admirably prevalent. But recent studies have entered with surprising unanimity, sharp dissent to the vitality of this gentle conception. They suggest that the appearance as well as the actuality of fairness‐ impartiality and orderliness‐ in short the essentials of due process may be a more therapeutic attitude so far as the juvenile is concerned.”22 Id. at 24˗25.
The prescience of his observation has found resonance and reinforcement with the 2013 publication of Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach33 See gemerally, Richard Bonnie et al., Reforming Juvenile Justice: A Developmental Approach (National Academies Press, D.C. 2013)
which was commissioned by the Office of Juvenile Justice Delinquency and Prevention (OJJDP).

中文翻译：

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再谈高尔特的承诺：寻求正当程序

五十年前，少年法庭开始采用正当程序，但今天，儿童在诉讼的每个阶段仍然没有律师的指导手。在评估高尔特之前的世界时，首席大法官Fortas观察到：“ [一个孩子受到两个方面的最坏影响：……他既未获得对成年人的保护，也未获得对儿童的殷勤关怀和再生治疗。” 11 In Re Gault，387 US 1，18 n。23（1967）（引用Kent诉US。，383 US 541，556（1966）（适用根据第十四修正案的基本公正原则移交听证会）。
Fortas认为“从那时起，善意和同情心已广为流传。但是最近的研究以令人惊讶的一致意见进入，对这种温和概念的生命力表示了强烈反对。他们认为，就少年而言，公平，公正和有序的外观以及现状-简而言之，正当程序的基本要素可能是一种更具治疗性的态度。” 22个ID。在24˗25。
2013年出版的《改革少年司法：一种发展方法》 3使他的观察先见性得到了共鸣和强化。3参见理查德·邦妮等人的著作，《改革少年司法：一种发展方法》（National Academies Press，DC 2013）
这是由少年司法犯罪和预防办公室（OJJDP）委托的。