Discourse represents the languages, ideas, and images that together shape one's understanding of the world. In counseling, discourse determines clinical practice. The authors posit that dominant discourse in counseling promotes an intrapsychic status quo that discounts the relationship between individuals and their environment, which often leads to office‐bound interventions that are inadequate in addressing issues of oppression. The counselor–advocate–scholar model (Ratts & Pedersen, 2014) is introduced to expand current discourse to include advocacy and research to better address systems of oppression.

中文翻译：

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顾问-拥护-学者模型：改变咨询中的主导话语

话语代表了塑造人们对世界的理解的语言，观念和图像。在咨询中，话语决定临床实践。作者认为，咨询中占主导地位的话语促进了一种内部心理状态，这种状态降低了个人与其环境之间的关系，这常常导致办公室干预措施不足以解决压迫问题。引入了咨询者-倡导者-学者模型（Ratts＆Pedersen，2014），以扩展当前的论述，包括倡导和研究，以更好地解决压迫制度。