During adolescence and young adulthood, individuals show personality changes and experience various life transitions. Whereas personality might affect the timing of life transitions, life transitions might also induce personality maturation. We examined Big Five personality maturation from age 12 to 25 using a 9‐year longitudinal study of Dutch youths from two cohorts (n₁ = 683, M_ageT1 = 12.70; n₂ = 268, M_age T1 = 16.87). We linked personality maturation to the incidence and timing of four transitions: first romantic relationship, leaving the parental home, first job, and first cohabitation or marriage. Results indicated increases in mean levels, rank‐order stabilities and profile stability of personality between age 12 and 25, which were largely replicated across the cohorts. Very few associations between personality and life transitions existed. However, higher mean‐level Extraversion predicted leaving the parental home and starting the first romantic relationship, an earlier age when starting the first job, and an earlier average timing of transitions. Regarding social investment effects, we only found that those who never experienced a romantic relationship at age 25 decreased, while those who did increased in profile stability over time. These results suggest that personality consistently matures during adolescence and young adulthood and that higher Extraversion predict greater readiness for new steps towards adulthood.

中文翻译：

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从12岁到25岁的人格发展及其与生活转变的联系

在青春期和成年期，个人会表现出个性变化并经历各种生活转变。人格可能影响人生转变的时机，而人生转变也可能诱发人格成熟。我们对来自两个队列的荷兰年轻人进行了为期9年的纵向研究，调查了12岁至25岁的五个大人格成熟度（n ₁  = 683，M_年龄T1  = 12.70；n ₂  = 268，M_年龄T1 = 16.87）。我们将人格成熟与四个过渡的发生和时机相关联：第一次恋爱，离开父母的家，第一次工作，第一次同居或婚姻。结果表明，在12至25岁之间，人格的平均水平，等级稳定性和个人资料的稳定性有所提高，这些在大部分研究人群中均得到了证实。人格与生活转变之间的联系很少。但是，较高的平均水平的外向型预测会离开父母的住所并开始第一次恋爱关系，开始第一份工作时年龄会更早，平均过渡时间也会更早。关于社会投资的影响，我们仅发现那些从未在25岁时经历过浪漫关系的人会减少，而那些确实在一段时间后保持稳定的人会减少。