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Tracing Personality Structure in Narratives: A Computational Bottom‐Up Approach to Unpack Writers, Characters, and Personality in Historical Context
European Journal of Personality ( IF 3.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-06-05 , DOI: 10.1002/per.2270
Ronald Fischer 1, 2 , Johannes Alfons Karl 1 , Markus Luczak‐Roesch 3, 4 , Velichko H. Fetvadjiev 5, 6 , Adam Grener 7
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We present a new method for personality assessment at a distance to uncover personality structure in historical texts. We focus on how two 19th century authors understood and described human personality; we apply a new bottom‐up computational approach to extract personality dimensions used by Jane Austen and Charles Dickens to describe fictional characters in 21 novels. We matched personality descriptions using three person‐description dictionaries marker scales as reference points for interpretation. Factor structures did not show strong convergence with the contemporary Big Five model. Jane Austen described characters in terms of social and emotional richness with greater nuances but using a less extensive vocabulary. Charles Dickens, in contrast, used a rich and diverse personality vocabulary, but those descriptions centred around more restricted dimensions of power and dominance. Although we could identify conceptually similar factors across the two authors, analyses of the overlapping vocabulary between the two authors suggested only moderate convergence. We discuss the utility and potential of automated text analysis and the lexical hypothesis to (i) provide insights into implicit personality models in historical texts and (ii) bridge the divide between idiographic and nomothetic perspectives. © 2020 European Association of Personality Psychology

中文翻译:

追踪叙事中的人格结构:一种从下至上的计算自下而上的方法,用于解压缩历史语境中的作家,人物和人格

我们提出了一种新的人格评估新方法,以揭示历史文本中的人格结构。我们关注19世纪的两位作者如何理解和描述人的个性。我们采用了一种新的自下而上的计算方法来提取简·奥斯丁和查尔斯·狄更斯用来描述21部小说中的虚构人物的人格维度。我们使用三个人物描述字典标记量表作为解释的参考点来匹配人格描述。要素结构与当代五巨头模型没有显示出强烈的趋同性。简·奥斯丁(Jane Austen)用丰富的社交和情感来描述人物,但它们使用的词汇量较少,但细微差别较大。相比之下,查尔斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)使用了丰富多样的个性词汇,但是这些描述集中在权力和支配力的更严格的维度上。尽管我们可以在两位作者之间找到概念上相似的因素,但是对两位作者之间重叠词汇的分析表明,只有中等程度的收敛。我们讨论了自动文本分析和词汇假设的实用性和潜力,以(i)提供对历史文本中隐含人格模型的见识,以及(ii)弥合本位和非正统观点之间的鸿沟。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会 我们讨论了自动文本分析和词汇假设的实用性和潜力,以(i)提供对历史文本中隐含人格模型的见识,以及(ii)弥合本位和非正统观点之间的鸿沟。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会 我们讨论了自动文本分析和词汇假设的实用性和潜力,以(i)提供对历史文本中隐式人格模型的见识,以及(ii)弥合本位和非正统观点之间的鸿沟。©2020欧洲人格心理学协会
更新日期:2020-06-05
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