Objective:

Children and adults with ADHD often report sleep disturbances that may form part of the etiology and/or symptomatology of ADHD. We review the evidence for sleep changes in children with ADHD.

Methods:

Systematic review with narrative synthesis assessing sleep and circadian function in children aged 5 to 13 years old with a diagnosis of ADHD.

Results:

148 studies were included for review, incorporating data from 42,353 children. We found that sleep disturbances in ADHD are common and that they may worsen behavioral outcomes; moreover, sleep interventions may improve ADHD symptoms, and pharmacotherapy for ADHD may impact sleep.

Conclusion:

Sleep disturbance may represent a clinically important feature of ADHD in children, which might be therapeutically targeted in a useful way. There are a number of important gaps in the literature. We set out a manifesto for future research in the area of sleep, circadian rhythms, and ADHD.

中文翻译：

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注意缺陷多动障碍儿童睡眠和昼夜节律的系统评价

客观的：

患有 ADHD 的儿童和成人经常报告睡眠障碍，这可能是 ADHD 的病因和/或症状的一部分。我们回顾了 ADHD 儿童睡眠变化的证据。

方法：

系统评价与叙述综合评估诊断为 ADHD 的 5 至 13 岁儿童的睡眠和昼夜节律功能。

结果：

148 项研究被纳入审查，纳入了来自 42,353 名儿童的数据。我们发现多动症患者的睡眠障碍很常见，它们可能会恶化行为结果；此外，睡眠干预可能会改善 ADHD 症状，而 ADHD 的药物疗法可能会影响睡眠。

结论：

睡眠障碍可能代表儿童 ADHD 的一个重要临床特征，这可能是一种有用的治疗目标。文献中有许多重要的空白。我们为睡眠、昼夜节律和多动症领域的未来研究制定了宣言。