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Human Exposure to Chlorinated Paraffins via Inhalation and Dust Ingestion in a Norwegian Cohort
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05891 Bo Yuan 1 , Joo Hui Tay 1 , Juan Antonio Padilla-Sánchez 2 , Eleni Papadopoulou 2 , Line Småstuen Haug 2 , Cynthia A. de Wit 1
Environmental Science & Technology ( IF 10.8 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.0c05891 Bo Yuan 1 , Joo Hui Tay 1 , Juan Antonio Padilla-Sánchez 2 , Eleni Papadopoulou 2 , Line Småstuen Haug 2 , Cynthia A. de Wit 1
Affiliation
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Very-short- (vSCCPs, C6–9), short- (SCCPs, C10–13), medium- (MCCPs, C14–17), and long-chain chlorinated paraffins (LCCPs, C>17) were analyzed in indoor air and dust collected from the living rooms and personal 24 h air of 61 adults from a Norwegian cohort. Relatively volatile CPs, i.e., vSCCPs and SCCPs, showed a greater tendency to partition from settled indoor dust to paired stationary indoor air from the same living rooms than MCCPs and LCCPs, with median logarithmic dust–air partition ratios of 1.3, 2.9, 4.1, and 5.4, respectively. Using the stationary indoor air and settled indoor dust concentrations, the combined median daily exposures to vSCCPs, SCCPs, MCCPs, and LCCPs were estimated to be 0.074, 2.7, 0.93, and 0.095 ng/kg bw/d, respectively. Inhalation was the predominant exposure pathway for vSCCPs (median 99%) and SCCPs (59%), while dust ingestion was the predominant exposure pathway for MCCPs (75%) and LCCPs (95%). The estimated inhalation exposure to total CPs was ∼ 5 times higher when the personal 24 h air results were used rather than the corresponding stationary indoor air results in 13 paired samples, indicating that exposure situations other than living rooms contributed significantly to the overall personal exposure. The 95th percentile exposure for CPs did not exceed the reference dose.
中文翻译：
挪威人通过吸入和吸入灰尘接触氯化石蜡
非常短（vSCCP，C 6–9），短（SCCP，C 10–13），中（MCCP，C 14–17）和长链氯化石蜡（LCCP，C > 17）进行了分析，分析了从客厅收集的室内空气和灰尘以及来自挪威队列的61位成年人的24小时个人空气。与MCCP和LCCP相比，相对挥发性的CP（即vSCCP和SCCP）显示出更大的趋势，即从沉降的室内灰尘分配到来自同一客厅的成对的固定室内空气，其对数灰尘/空气分配比率的中位数为1.3、2.9、4.1，和5.4。使用固定的室内空气和沉降的室内粉尘浓度，vSCCP，SCCP，MCCP和LCCP的每日平均暴露中位数估计分别为0.074、2.7、0.93和0.095 ng / kg bw / d。吸入是vSCCP（中位数99％）和SCCP（59％）的主要暴露途径，而粉尘摄入是MCCP（75％）和LCCP（95％）的主要暴露途径。当使用个人24小时空气测试结果时，估计的对总CP的吸入暴露量要高出约5倍，而不是13个配对样本中相应的固定室内空气结果，这表明除起居室以外的暴露情况对整个个人暴露量有显着影响。95日氯化石蜡百分曝光不超过参考剂量。
更新日期：2021-01-19
中文翻译：
挪威人通过吸入和吸入灰尘接触氯化石蜡
非常短（vSCCP，C 6–9），短（SCCP，C 10–13），中（MCCP，C 14–17）和长链氯化石蜡（LCCP，C > 17）进行了分析，分析了从客厅收集的室内空气和灰尘以及来自挪威队列的61位成年人的24小时个人空气。与MCCP和LCCP相比，相对挥发性的CP（即vSCCP和SCCP）显示出更大的趋势，即从沉降的室内灰尘分配到来自同一客厅的成对的固定室内空气，其对数灰尘/空气分配比率的中位数为1.3、2.9、4.1，和5.4。使用固定的室内空气和沉降的室内粉尘浓度，vSCCP，SCCP，MCCP和LCCP的每日平均暴露中位数估计分别为0.074、2.7、0.93和0.095 ng / kg bw / d。吸入是vSCCP（中位数99％）和SCCP（59％）的主要暴露途径，而粉尘摄入是MCCP（75％）和LCCP（95％）的主要暴露途径。当使用个人24小时空气测试结果时，估计的对总CP的吸入暴露量要高出约5倍，而不是13个配对样本中相应的固定室内空气结果，这表明除起居室以外的暴露情况对整个个人暴露量有显着影响。95日氯化石蜡百分曝光不超过参考剂量。
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