Dyslipidemia is a characteristic of maternal obesity and previous studies have demonstrated abnormalities in fatty acid oxidation and storage in term placentas. However, there is little information about the effect of pre-pregnancy obesity on placental lipid metabolism during early pregnancy. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between lipid profiles and markers of metabolism in placentas from obese and lean dams at midgestation. Mice were fed a western diet (WD) or normal diet (ND) and lysophosphatidylcholines (LPCs) and/or phosphatidylcholines (PCs) were measured in dam circulation and placenta sections using liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry and mass spectrometry imaging, respectively. In WD dam, circulating LPCs containing 16:1, 18:1, 20:0, and 20:3 fatty acids were increased and 18:2 and 20:4 were decreased. In WD placenta from both sexes, LPC 18:1 and PC 36:1 and 38:3 were increased. Furthermore, there were moderate to strong correlations between LPC 18:1, PC 36:1, and PC 38:3. Treatment-, spatial-, and sex-dependent differences in LPC 20:1 and 20:3 were also detected. To identify genes that may regulate diet-dependent differences in placenta lipid profiles, the expression of genes associated with lipid metabolism and nutrient transport was measured in whole placenta and isolated labyrinth using droplet digital PCR and Nanostring nCounter assays. Several apolipoproteins were increased in WD placentas. However, no differences in nutrient transport or fatty acid metabolism were detected. Together, these data indicate that lipid storage is increased in midgestation WD placentas, which may lead to lipotoxicity, altered lipid metabolism and transport to the fetus later in gestation.

中文翻译：

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产妇肥胖会改变胎盘溶血磷脂酰胆碱、脂质储存以及与脂质代谢相关的基因表达‡

血脂异常是母体肥胖的一个特征，之前的研究表明足月胎盘中脂肪酸氧化和储存异常。然而，关于孕前肥胖对妊娠早期胎盘脂质代谢影响的信息很少。本研究的目的是确定妊娠中期肥胖和瘦母猪胎盘中脂质谱和代谢标志物之间的关系。给小鼠喂食西方饮食（WD）或正常饮食（ND），并分别使用液相色谱-串联质谱和质谱成像在大坝循环和胎盘切片中测量溶血磷脂酰胆碱（LPC）和/或磷脂酰胆碱（PC）。在 WD 大坝中，含有 16:1、18:1、20:0 和 20:3 脂肪酸的循环 LPC 增加，18:2 和 20：减少了4个。在两性的 WD 胎盘中，LPC 18:1 和 PC 36:1 和 38:3 均增加。此外，LPC 18:1、PC 36:1 和 PC 38:3 之间存在中度至强相关性。还检测到 LPC 20:1 和 20:3 的治疗、空间和性别依赖性差异。为了确定可能调节胎盘脂质谱中饮食依赖性差异的基因，使用液滴数字 PCR 和 Nanostring nCounter 测定法在整个胎盘和分离的迷宫中测量了与脂质代谢和营养转运相关的基因的表达。WD 胎盘中的几种载脂蛋白增加。然而，没有检测到营养转运或脂肪酸代谢的差异。总之，这些数据表明，妊娠中期 WD 胎盘中的脂质储存增加，这可能导致脂毒性，