The lace bug, Leptopharsa gibbicarina is a vector of Pestalotiopsis fungal complex in oil palm crops in the Americas. The effects of four benzoylphenyl ureas (BPUs) (lufenuron, novaluron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron) were evaluated against L. gibbicarina for toxicity, survival, reproduction, and mortality in semi-field conditions. Concentration-mortality bioassays demonstrated that novaluron (LC₅₀ = 0.33 ppm), teflubenzuron (LC₅₀ = 0.24 ppm), lufenuron (LC₅₀ = 0.17 ppm), and triflumuron (LC₅₀ = 0.42 ppm) are toxic to L. gibbicarina nymphs. The survival rate was 99% in control nymphs, decreasing to 50% in nymphs exposed to LC₅₀ of triflumuron, 47% in nymphs treated with lufenuron, 43% in nymphs treated with teflubenzuron, and 43% in those treated with novaluron. Sublethal concentrations of BPUs showed detrimental effects on the adult emergence, longevity, fecundity, and fertility of this insect. The mortality of nymphs caused by these insecticides was similar in both laboratory and semi-field conditions. Our results suggest that novaluron, teflubenzuron, and triflumuron are highly effective against L. gibbicarina, and therefore, have potential applications for this oil palm pest.

中文翻译：

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苯甲酰苯基尿素对花边臭虫Leptopharsa gibbicarina的存活和繁殖的影响

花边臭虫Leptopharsa gibbicarina是美洲油棕作物中的拟蝇（Pestalotiopsis）真菌复合物的载体。评估了四种苯甲酰苯基脲（Bfens），氟苯脲，去甲灵，替氟苯隆和三氟磺隆对半乳糖条件下的毒性，存活，繁殖和死亡率的影响。浓度-死亡率生物测定法表明，诺富龙（LC ₅₀ = 0.33 ppm），替氟苯隆（LC ₅₀ = 0.24 ppm），氟苯脲（LC ₅₀ = 0.17 ppm）和三氟磺隆（LC ₅₀ = 0.42 ppm）对L. gibbicarina若虫有毒。对照若虫的成活率为99％，暴露于LC的若虫的成活率降低为50％三氟草隆中有₅₀种，在用氟苯脲治疗的若虫中占47％，在用氟氟苯隆处理的若虫中占43％，在用Novaluron处理的若虫中占43％。亚致死浓度的BPU对这种昆虫的成虫出现，寿命，繁殖力和繁殖力均显示有害影响。这些杀虫剂引起的若虫死亡率在实验室和半田间条件下均相似。我们的结果表明，Novaluron，teflubenzuron和triflumuron对L. gibbicarina非常有效，因此对于这种油棕害虫具有潜在的应用。