Abstract

Bridge collapses in Turkey have not been the subject of any comprehensive study so far. Investigations are often kept confidential for various reasons. As a result, most of the time only limited information can be found about these collapses with some exceptions such as the 1999 Arifiye Bridge collapse due to seismic event and the 2012 Çaycuma bridge collapse due to pier scour. Both resulted in fatalities, which drew public awareness from the first day. The focus of this paper is to identify the causes of bridge collapses and to assess the possible prevention measures based on lessons learned. In this scope, for the first time in Turkey various reported bridge collapses were gathered in a database mostly occurring between the years of 2000 and 2019. The study of over 80 bridges that experienced failures revealed that for road bridges hydraulic events and for pedestrian bridges vehicle collisions were the main causes. Bridge engineering in Turkey is briefly discussed to provide better understanding of the countries’ conditions. A section is also included to mention some significant historical bridges whose design has helped them to withstand the conditions were still struggling to address in the 20th century.

摘要

迄今为止，土耳其的桥梁倒塌事件尚未成为任何综合研究的主题。调查通常出于各种原因保密。因此，大多数时候只能找到关于这些倒塌的有限信息，但有一些例外，例如 1999 年 Arifiye 桥因地震事件倒塌和 2012 年 Çaycuma 桥因码头冲刷倒塌。两者都导致死亡，从第一天起就引起了公众的注意。本文的重点是确定桥梁倒塌的原因，并根据经验教训评估可能的预防措施。在此范围内，土耳其首次将各种报告的桥梁倒塌事件收集到一个数据库中，该数据库大多发生在 2000 年至 2019 年之间。对 80 多座发生故障的桥梁的研究表明，公路桥梁的水力事件和人行天桥的车辆碰撞是主要原因。简要讨论了土耳其的桥梁工程，以更好地了解这些国家的情况。还包括一节提到一些重要的历史桥梁，其设计帮助它们承受了 20 世纪仍在努力解决的条件。