The understanding of rocket plume–surface interaction on planetary bodies will drive safer and more sustainable exploration missions. To that end, the average plume-induced erosion rate of the Mars InSight lander during its powered descent was estimated at $60.4\mathrm{kg}/\mathrm{s}$. The volume of material displaced and final form of the site were reconstructed photogrammetrically using postlanding images captured by the Instrument Deployment Camera. The resulting elevation model shows six craters of ranging sizes, with an average maximum depth of 15 cm. Other inputs to the erosion computation included estimates of plume impingement time and the bulk density of the regolith at the landing site, Elysium Planitia. An analysis characterizing the erosion physics and uncertainty propagation are noted within this paper, along with other related observations. To better estimate erosion rate, future missions should include a descent imager whose time series of images would simultaneously provide transient elevation models and improved estimates of the impingement time.

对行星体上火箭羽-地表相互作用的理解将推动更安全，更可持续的勘探任务。为此，估计火星InSight着陆器下降过程中平均羽流引起的侵蚀速率为$60.4\mathrm{公斤}/\mathrm{s}$。使用Instrument Deployment Camera拍摄的落地图像，通过摄影测量法重建了被转移的材料量和最终位置。生成的高程模型显示了六个大小不等的陨石坑，平均最大深度为15厘米。侵蚀计算的其他输入包括羽流撞击时间的估计以及着陆点Elysium Planitia上的碎屑岩的堆积密度。本文还对腐蚀物理特征和不确定性传播进行了分析，并提出了其他相关观察结果。为了更好地估计侵蚀速率，未来的任务应该包括一个下降成像仪，其图像时间序列将同时提供瞬变高程模型和改进的碰撞时间估计。