Butyrate is a short-chain fatty acid produced by colonic gut bacteria as a result of fermentation of dietary fibers. In the colon, butyrate is a major energy substrate and contributes to the nutritional support and proliferation of a healthy mucosa. It also promotes the intestinal barrier function by enhancing mucus production and tight junctions. In addition to its pro-proliferative effect in healthy colonocytes, butyrate inhibits the proliferation of cancer cells. The antineoplastic effect of butyrate is associated with the inhibitory effect of butyrate on histone deacetylase (HDAC) enzymes, which promote carcinogenesis. Due to the metabolic shift of cancer cells toward glycolysis, unused butyrate accumulates and inhibits procarcinogenic HDACs. In addition, recent studies suggest that butyrate may improve the healing of colonic tissue after surgery in animal models, specifically at the site of reconnection of colonic ends - anastomosis - after surgical resection. Here, we review current evidence on the impact of butyrate on epithelial integrity and colorectal cancer and present current knowledge on data that support its potential applications in surgical practice.

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丁酸盐在结直肠癌手术和肿瘤学结局中的作用

丁酸盐是一种由结肠肠道细菌通过膳食纤维发酵产生的短链脂肪酸。在结肠中，丁酸盐是一种主要的能量底物，有助于营养支持和健康粘膜的增殖。它还通过增强粘液产生和紧密连接来促进肠道屏障功能。除了在健康结肠细胞中的促增殖作用外，丁酸盐还抑制癌细胞的增殖。丁酸盐的抗肿瘤作用与丁酸盐对组蛋白去乙酰化酶 (HDAC) 酶的抑制作用有关，HDAC 酶促进致癌作用。由于癌细胞向糖酵解的代谢转变，未使用的丁酸盐会积累并抑制致癌的 HDAC。此外，最近的研究表明，丁酸盐可以改善动物模型手术后结肠组织的愈合，特别是在手术切除后结肠末端重新连接的部位 - 吻合处。在这里，我们回顾了有关丁酸盐对上皮完整性和结直肠癌影响的当前证据，并介绍了支持其在外科实践中潜在应用的数据的当前知识。