St. Augustinegrass [Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] is a commonly used warm-season turfgrass for lawns in warm-humid to tropical climates. Efforts to breed improved cultivars with enhanced abiotic and biotic stress tolerance are ongoing, but additional data on their growth and adaptation are needed. Twenty-one commercially available St. Augustinegrass cultivars and eight experimental genotypes were planted in the field in Fayetteville, AR, in both 2009 and 2010 to study their stolon, leaf, and establishment characteristics, as well as winter survival. ‘Floratam’, ‘Floralawn’, ‘FX-10’, ‘FA-40’ (Mercedes™), ‘B12’ (Sapphire^®), and WS had the highest stolon growth rate (>8.9 mm d⁻¹), whereas ‘TR 6-10’ (Amerishade^®), ‘6-72-99’ (Delmar™), ‘6-72-182’ (Jade™), ‘6-72-130’ (Sunclipse™), 106G3, 106T3, and SV27 had the lowest stolon growth rate (<5.1 mm d⁻¹). Cultivars ‘Floraverde’, Floralawn, Floratam, B12 (Sapphire), and ‘Texas Common’ were the quickest to establish. Principal component analysis (PCA) identified that cultivars with similar ploidy levels had similar growth characteristics as increasing ploidy resulted in wider and longer leaves, as well as larger stolon diameter and internode length. Cultivars considered dwarf types with short stolons or narrow-short leaves grouped separately from cultivars with long stolons or wide-long leaves. Genotypes VNS (Classic™), GF, VNS (Majestic™), ‘SS-100’ (Palmetto^®), ‘Raleigh’, TAES 5714, and Texas Common showed the highest winter survival and associated coverage after winter in both years. Results from this study are intended to help turfgrass breeders, turf producers, practitioners, and homeowners make informed cultivar selection decisions. Planting well-adapted cultivars will reduce reestablishment costs from winter-kill and ultimately increase sustainability.

中文翻译：

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表征圣奥古斯丁草市售和实验基因型的生长和冬季存活

圣奥古斯丁草[ Stenotaphrum secundatum (Walter) Kuntze] 是一种常用的暖季型草坪草，适用于温暖潮湿至热带气候的草坪。正在努力培育具有增强的非生物和生物胁迫耐受性的改良品种，但需要有关其生长和适应的更多数据。2009 年和 2010 年，在亚利桑那州费耶特维尔的田间种植了 21 种市售的圣奥古斯丁草品种和 8 种实验基因型，以研究它们的匍匐茎、叶和建立特征以及冬季存活率。'Floratam'、'Floralawn'、'FX-10'、'FA-40' (Mercedes™)、'B12' (Sapphire ^® ) 和 WS 的匍匐茎增长率最高 (>8.9 mm d ^-1 )，而'TR 6-10' (Amerishade ^®)、'6-72-99' (Delmar™)、'6-72-182' (Jade™)、'6-72-130' (Sunclipse™)、106G3、106T3 和 SV27 的匍匐茎增长率最低(<5.1mm d ^-1 )。栽培品种 'Floraverde'、Floralawn、Floratam、B12（蓝宝石）和 'Texas Common' 是最快建立的。主成分分析 (PCA) 确定具有相似倍性水平的栽培品种具有相似的生长特征，因为增加倍性导致更宽和更长的叶子，以及更大的匍匐茎直径和节间长度。品种认为具有短匍匐茎或窄短叶的矮化类型与具有长匍匐茎或宽长叶的品种分开分组。基因型 VNS (Classic™)、GF、VNS (Majestic™)、'SS-100' (Palmetto ^®)、'Raleigh'、TAES 5714 和 Texas Common 在这两年中都显示出最高的冬季存活率和相关覆盖率。这项研究的结果旨在帮助草坪育种者、草坪生产者、从业者和房主做出明智的品种选择决定。种植适应性强的品种将减少冬季杀戮的重建成本，并最终提高可持续性。