Purpose

Sleep is an important determinant of health and quality of life. This study aimed to clarify the association between dry eye and sleep quality using a large population-based cohort.

Methods

71,761 participants (19–94 yrs, 59.4% female) from the Lifelines cohort in the Netherlands were assessed for dry eye using the Women's Health Study Dry Eye Questionnaire. Sleep quality was evaluated using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Logistic regression was used to examine the relationship between poor sleep quality (PSQI score >5) and dry eye, while correcting for age, sex, BMI, education, income, and 51 possible confounding comorbidities, including autoimmune diseases and psychiatric disorders.

Results

Overall, 8.9% of participants had dry eye. Of these, 36.4% had poor sleep quality compared to 24.8% of controls (OR 1.52 (95%CI 1.44–1.60), P < 0.0001, corrected for age and sex). After correcting for all comorbidities, dry eye was still associated with poor sleep (OR 1.20 (95%CI 1.11–1.28), P < 0.0001). This relationship was seen across all ages and sexes. Patients with dry eye scored worse on all subcomponents of the PSQI. Almost one-in-two (44.9%) persons with dry eye symptoms “often” or “constantly” had poor sleep quality. This proportion was similar to participants with sleep apnea and osteoarthritis. Additionally, increasing symptom frequency was tied to increased prevalence of poor sleep quality.

Conclusions

All components of sleep quality were significantly reduced in participants with dry eye, even after correcting for comorbidities. These results indicate the substantial impact of dry eye on patients' lives, especially for those with frequent symptoms.

中文翻译：

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干眼症与睡眠质量的关系

目的

睡眠是健康和生活质量的重要决定因素。这项研究旨在阐明使用大量基于人口的队列研究，干眼症与睡眠质量之间的关联。

方法

使用《妇女健康研究干眼问卷》评估了来自荷兰Lifelines队列的71,761名参与者（19-94岁，女性占59.4％）。使用匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）评估睡眠质量。Logistic回归用于检查不良睡眠质量（PSQI得分> 5）与干眼症之间的关系，同时校正年龄，性别，BMI，教育程度，收入以及51种可能的合并症，包括自身免疫性疾病和精神病。

结果

总体而言，有8.9％的参与者有干眼症。其中36.4％的睡眠质量较对照组的24.8％差（OR 1.52（95％CI 1.44-1.60），P <0.0001，已校正年龄和性别）。校正所有合并症后，干眼仍与睡眠不良有关（OR 1.20（95％CI 1.11-1.28），P <0.0001）。这种关系在所有年龄段和性别中均可见。干眼患者在PSQI的所有子组件上得分均较差。几乎有二分之一（44.9％）的干眼症状“经常”或“持续”的人睡眠质量较差。这个比例类似于患有睡眠呼吸暂停和骨关节炎的参与者。此外，症状频率的增加与不良睡眠质量的患病率增加有关。

结论

即使校正了合并症，干眼参与者的睡眠质量的所有组成部分也显着降低。这些结果表明，干眼症对患者的生活有重大影响，尤其是对于那些症状频繁的患者。