Single-molecule localization-based super-resolution imaging technology provides a powerful tool for research in the nanoscale field. The properties of organic fluorescent probes have a decisive significance for the quality of super-resolution imaging. Here, we propose an ultrasmall silica nanospheres based blinking nanoprobe for single molecule localization imaging. The blinking nanoprobe is fabricated by attaching fluorophores onto the ultrasmall silica nanospheres and it shows excellent features in three ways. First, it has stable chemical properties and good biocompatibility. Second, it shows a sustainable and excellent fluorescence switching behavior, which is suitable for long-term super-resolution imaging. Third, it possesses a better localization precision (20–25 nm) than the fluorophore itself. To examine the application of the nanoprobe, breast cancer cell (SKBR3) derived exosomes are used as the target. By attaching HER2 aptamers onto the silica nanospheres, super-resolution imaging of the exosomes is realized. Such a new strategy for the preparation of super-resolution nanoprobes has a great potential for further exploring the biological functions of nanoscale biomarkers.

基于单分子定位的超分辨率成像技术为纳米领域的研究提供了强大的工具。有机荧光探针的性质对超分辨率成像的质量具有决定性意义。在这里，我们提出了一种基于超小型二氧化硅纳米球的闪烁纳米探针，用于单分子定位成像。眨眼纳米探针是通过将荧光团附着到超小二氧化硅纳米球上而制成的，它以三种方式显示出出色的功能。首先，它具有稳定的化学性质和良好的生物相容性。其次，它显示出可持续且优异的荧光转换行为，适用于长期超分辨率成像。第三，它具有比荧光团本身更好的定位精度（20-25 nm）。为了检查纳米探针的应用，乳腺癌细胞（SKBR3）衍生的外来体被用作靶标。通过将HER2适体附着到二氧化硅纳米球上，实现了外泌体的超分辨率成像。这种制备超分辨率纳米探针的新策略具有巨大的潜力，可以进一步探索纳米生物标志物的生物学功能。