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Association of giant ant Dinoponera quadriceps nests with termite mounds and landscape variables in a Caatinga dry forest, Brazil
Insectes Sociaux ( IF 1.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-06 , DOI: 10.1007/s00040-020-00806-0
T. Batista , I. C. Nascimento , M. A. F. Carneiro , C. S. S. Bernardo , A. Saha , K. S. Carvalho

Earth mounds, locally known as murundus, are ~ 4000 year old natural formations resulting from termite excavation and occur as mound fields in the Caatinga, the largest dry forest region in South America. Termites are ecosystem engineers and the bioturbation caused by them can influence the colonization of other insect species, e.g., the giant ants Dinoponera quadriceps , which are conspicuous in mound fields. We hypothesized that (i) nests and individuals of giant ants are more prevalent in mound fields when compared to regions in Caatinga with no earth mounds, (ii) nests may be located close to trees with large trunks, and (iii) amidst soils rich in organic matter. We placed sampling plots in four sites: two mound fields and two sites with no earth mounds in the state of Bahia, Brazil. Ant nests were more abundant in mound fields when compared to areas with no earth mounds. Thus, mound fields are important sites for ant nests at the landscape scale. The nests were more often found between mounds where termite tunnels occur, suggesting that ants avoid nesting on the top of earth mounds which are bare resulting from anthropogenic removal of vegetation and litter over the past few decades. Thus, the continued conversion of Caatinga into pasture may endanger populations of D. quadriceps , similar to the fate of D. lucida in the Atlantic Forest. The local extinction of the giant ant that are important seed dispersers in this biome can result in the impoverishment of Caatinga floristic structure and diversity.

中文翻译:

巴西卡廷加干旱森林中巨型蚂蚁 Dinoponera 股四头肌巢与白蚁丘和景观变量的关联

土丘,当地称为 murundus,是大约 4000 年历史的自然地层,由白蚁挖掘产生,在南美洲最大的干旱森林地区卡廷加以土墩形式出现。白蚁是生态系统工程师,由它们引起的生物扰动会影响其他昆虫物种的定殖,例如在土丘中显眼的巨型蚂蚁 Dinoponera quadriceps。我们假设 (i) 与卡廷加没有土丘的地区相比,巨蚁的巢穴和个体在土墩中更为普遍,(ii) 巢穴可能位于树干较大的树木附近,以及 (iii) 位于肥沃的土壤中在有机质中。我们在四个地点放置了抽样地块:巴西巴伊亚州的两个土丘场和两个没有土丘的地点。与没有土丘的地区相比,土丘中的蚁巢更为丰富。因此,土墩场是景观尺度上蚂蚁巢穴的重要场所。这些巢穴更常见于出现白蚁隧道的土丘之间,这表明蚂蚁避免在土丘顶部筑巢,这些土丘是过去几十年人为清除植被和垃圾造成的裸露。因此,Caatinga 继续转变为牧场可能会危及 D. quadriceps 的种群,类似于大西洋森林中 D. lucida 的命运。作为该生物群落中重要的种子传播者的巨型蚂蚁的局部灭绝可能导致卡廷加植物区系结构和多样性的贫乏。这些巢穴更常见于出现白蚁隧道的土丘之间,这表明蚂蚁避免在土丘顶部筑巢,这些土丘是过去几十年人为清除植被和垃圾造成的裸露。因此,Caatinga 继续转变为牧场可能会危及 D. quadriceps 的种群,类似于大西洋森林中 D. lucida 的命运。作为该生物群落中重要的种子传播者的巨型蚂蚁的局部灭绝可能导致卡廷加植物区系结构和多样性的贫乏。这些巢穴更常见于出现白蚁隧道的土丘之间,这表明蚂蚁避免在土丘顶部筑巢,这些土丘是过去几十年人为清除植被和垃圾造成的裸露。因此,Caatinga 继续转变为牧场可能会危及 D. quadriceps 的种群,类似于大西洋森林中 D. lucida 的命运。作为该生物群落中重要的种子传播者的巨型蚂蚁的局部灭绝可能导致卡廷加植物区系结构和多样性的贫乏。Caatinga 继续转变为牧场可能会危及 D. quadriceps 的种群,类似于大西洋森林中 D. lucida 的命运。作为该生物群落中重要的种子传播者的巨型蚂蚁的局部灭绝可能导致卡廷加植物区系结构和多样性的贫乏。Caatinga 继续转变为牧场可能会危及 D. quadriceps 的种群,类似于大西洋森林中 D. lucida 的命运。作为该生物群落中重要的种子传播者的巨型蚂蚁的局部灭绝可能导致卡廷加植物区系结构和多样性的贫乏。
更新日期:2021-01-06
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