We report the case of an HIV-1-infected patient, treated with anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody for a B-cell lymphoma previously treated by autologous stem cell transplant. He suffered from chronic COVID19 and we monitored by plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA by highly sensitive droplet-based digital PCR technology (ddPCR). Under tocilizumab therapy and despite a first clinical improvement biologically associated with decreasing inflammatory markers, a slight increase of SARS-CoV-2 RNAaemia quantified by ddPCR was highlighted, confirming the absence of viral efficacy of this treatment and predicting the subsequent observed deterioration. As expected, his complete recovery, finally achieved after COVID-19 convalescent plasmatherapy, strictly paralleled plasma SARS-CoV-2 RNA clearance. With these results, we confirmed the interest of SARS-CoV-2 RNAaemia monitoring by ddPCR in COVID-19 patients, particularly during treatment, and firstly showed that this new and specific biomarker could be helpful to select eligible patient for anti-IL6 receptors therapy considering the variable levels of efficacy recently observed with such therapy.

我们报告了一名HIV-1感染患者的案例，该患者接受过抗CD20单克隆抗体治疗的B细胞淋巴瘤，此前曾通过自体干细胞移植治疗。他患有慢性COVID19，我们通过基于高度敏感的基于液滴的数字PCR技术（ddPCR）对血浆SARS-CoV-2 RNA进行了监测。在托珠单抗治疗下，尽管生物学上的首次临床改善与炎症标志物的减少有关，但突出显示了通过ddPCR定量检测到的SARS-CoV-2 RNAaemia的轻度升高，证实了该治疗方法无病毒效力，并预测了随后观察到的恶化。不出所料，他的完全康复，是在COVID-19康复血浆疗法后，与血浆SARS-CoV-2 RNA清除严格平行的过程中终于实现的。有了这些结果，