Key message

Salicylic acid and iron-oxide nanoparticles alleviated salt toxicity and improved plant growth by stimulating the activities of H⁺-ATPase and H⁺-PPase and preventing nutrient imbalance.

Abstract

Two factorial experiments were undertaken in a greenhouse during 2018 and 2019, to evaluate the impacts of SA (1 mM) and nano-Fe₂O₃ (3 mM) sprays at 7 leaves and flowering stages on vacuolar H⁺-pumps, growth and essential oil of salt-subjected (0, 4, 8 and 12 dS m⁻¹ NaCl) ajowan plants. Measurements of plant traits were started at about 12 days after the last foliar spray and continued up to maturity. The H⁺-ATPase and H⁺-PPase activities and root ATP content were enhanced under low salinity, but higher salinities reduced these parameters. Rising salinity enhanced Na uptake and translocation, endogenous SA and DPPH activity, while reduced K⁺/Na⁺ ratio and nutrients uptake, leading to a reduction in plant biomass. Treatment with SA, nano-Fe₂O₃ and their combination improved H⁺-pumps activities and ATP content in roots and leaves. The SA-related treatments caused the highest activities of H⁺-pumps in roots, but Fe-related treatments resulted in the highest activities of these pumps in leaves. Increasing H⁺-pumps activities reduced sodium uptake and translocation and enhanced nutrients uptake. Foliar treatments, especially SA + nano-Fe₂O₃ augmented endogenous SA, DPPH activity, and plant growth in salt-stressed plants. Essential oil contents of vegetative and inflorescence organs under severe salinity and seeds under moderate and severe salinities were enhanced. Maximum essential oil was obtained from seeds of SA + nano-Fe₂O₃-treated plants, which was strongly correlated with endogenous SA and DPPH. Nevertheless, the SA + nano-Fe₂O₃ was the best treatment for diminishing salt toxicity and improving ajowan plant growth and essential oil production.

中文翻译：

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通过水杨酸和氧化铁纳米颗粒提高 ATPase 和 PPase 的活性、养分吸收和盐胁迫的珊瑚植物的生长

关键信息

水杨酸和氧化铁纳米颗粒通过刺激 H ⁺ -ATPase 和 H ⁺ -PPase 的活性并防止养分失衡来减轻盐毒性并改善植物生长。

抽象的

2018 年和 2019 年在温室中进行了两次因子实验，以评估 SA（1 mM）和纳米 Fe ₂ O ₃（3 mM）喷雾剂在 7 个叶片和开花期对液泡 H ⁺泵、生长和盐渍（0、4、8 和 12 dS m ^-1 NaCl）朱砂植物的精油。在最后一次叶面喷洒后约 12 天开始测量植物性状，并一直持续到成熟。H ⁺ -ATPase 和 H ⁺ -PPase 活性和根 ATP 含量在低盐度下增强，但较高盐度降低了这些参数。盐度升高增强了 Na 的吸收和转运、内源性 SA 和 DPPH 活性，同时降低了 K ⁺ /Na⁺比例和养分吸收，导致植物生物量减少。SA、纳米Fe ₂ O ₃及其组合处理提高了根和叶中的H ⁺ -泵活性和ATP含量。SA相关处理导致根中H ⁺ -泵的活性最高，但Fe相关处理导致这些泵在叶子中的活性最高。增加 H ⁺泵活性会减少钠的吸收和转运，并增强养分的吸收。叶面处理，尤其是 SA + nano-Fe ₂ O ₃增强盐胁迫植物的内源 SA、DPPH 活性和植物生长。重度盐度下营养器官和花序器官以及中重度盐度下种子的精油含量均有所提高。_{SA + nano-Fe 2} O ₃处理植物的种子获得最大精油，与内源SA和DPPH密切相关。然而，SA + nano-Fe ₂ O ₃是降低盐毒性和改善珊瑚植物生长和精油产量的最佳处理方法。