Cork oak decline and mortality are increasingly prevalent in the Mediterranean basin. This require particular attention due to the great economic value of this plant species. Biscogniauxia mediterranea is one of the most common pathogens highly associated to cork oak decline. However, documentation on its incidence is still scarce, especially in Tunisia. In this context, our research aimed at detecting its presence in Tunisian natural cork oak forests and assessing factors influencing its occurrence. Investigations were carried out in six forests in northwestern Tunisia. Dendrometric parameters of trees, ecological factors (rainfall, temperature, and altitude), and the presence of B. mediterranea as pathogen were determined. The endophytic presence of this fungus was also established. It was detected in all investigated forests, with significantly different frequencies, and was reported to be related to the dendrometric structure of the cork oak trees. On the other hand, the presence of B. mediterranea as pathogen was only detected in Ain Beya and Ain Sarouia forests. It was very limited with 4% of trees per site showing the disease signs. In conclusion, measures to prevent the dispersal of B. mediterranea throughout other cork oak forests shall be implemented in order to conserve such valuable forest resources.

在地中海盆地，软木的下降和死亡率越来越普遍。由于这种植物具有巨大的经济价值，因此需要特别注意。Biscogniauxia mediterranea是与软木橡树衰落高度相关的最常见病原体之一。但是，关于其发病率的文件仍然很少，尤其是在突尼斯。在这种情况下，我们的研究旨在检测其在突尼斯天然软木栎林中的存在并评估影响其发生的因素。在突尼斯西北部的六个森林中进行了调查。确定树木的树木密度参数，生态因子（降雨，温度和高度）以及中间芽孢杆菌作为病原体的存在。的还确定了这种真菌的内生存在。它在所有调查过的森林中均以不同的频率被发现，据报道与软木橡树的树状结构有关。另一方面，仅在Ain Beya和Ain Sarouia森林中发现了中间芽孢杆菌作为病原体的存在。它非常有限，每个站点有4％的树木显示出疾病迹象。总之，为了保护这种宝贵的森林资源，应采取措施防止地中海假单胞菌扩散到其他软木栎林中。