We examined the joint effects of depressive symptoms (Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II)) and systemic inflammation (plasma C-reactive protein (CRP)) on longitudinal profiles of neurocognition in a cohort of 143 people with HIV (PWH) on antiretroviral therapy. Global neurocognition, processing speed, motor skills, and attention/working memory all worsened as CRP increased but only among PWH who, on average, exhibited moderate to severe depressive symptoms (BDI-II > 22). Findings suggest that some PWH with chronically elevated depressive symptoms may have an inflammatory subtype of depression and a particular vulnerability to neurocognitive changes that may respond to drugs targeting inflammation or its neural sequelae.

我们检查了抑郁症状（贝克抑郁量表-II（BDI-II））和全身炎症（血浆 C 反应蛋白（CRP））对 143 名 HIV 感染者（PWH）的纵向神经认知特征的联合影响。抗逆转录病毒疗法。随着 CRP 增加，整体神经认知、处理速度、运动技能和注意力/工作记忆都恶化，但仅在 PWH 中，他们平均表现出中度至重度抑郁症状 (BDI-II > 22)。研究结果表明，一些具有慢性升高的抑郁症状的 PWH 可能具有抑郁症的炎症亚型，并且特别容易受到神经认知变化的影响，这些变化可能会对针对炎症或其神经后遗症的药物产生反应。