Yield losses because of cereal cyst nematodes could be as high as 92%, causing a bottleneck for wheat production. An integrated approach (application of pesticides, crop rotation, and use of host resistance) is needed to manage this devastating pathogen where resistant cultivars are considered most effective. This necessitates the identification of nematode-resistant sources in the available germplasm. Here, we report on the genetic mapping of nematode resistance in 255 diverse prebreeding lines (PBLs) employing an association mapping strategy. Altogether, seven additive quantitative trait loci (QTL) were identified on chromosomes 1A, 2A, 2B, 2D, 3A, 6B, and 6D explaining a maximum of 9.42% phenotypic variation where at least five QTL (on chromosomes 2A, 2B, 2D, 6B, and 6D) are located on the same chromosomes that harbor the already known nematode resistance genes. Resistant PBLs carried Aegilops squarrosa (436) in their pedigree which could be the possible source of positive alleles. To add to it, better yield performance of the identified nematode-resistant lines under stress conditions indicates that the germplasm can provide both nematode resistance and high-yielding cultivars.

谷物胞囊线虫造成的产量损失可能高达 92%，造成小麦生产的瓶颈。需要一种综合方法（使用杀虫剂、轮作和使用宿主抗性）来管理这种破坏性病原体，其中抗性栽培品种被认为是最有效的。这需要在可用种质中鉴定线虫抗性来源。在这里，我们报告了采用关联映射策略的 255 个不同预育系 (PBL) 中线虫抗性的遗传图谱。总共在染色体 1A、2A、2B、2D、3A、6B 和 6D 上鉴定了七个附加数量性状基因座 (QTL)，解释了最大 9.42% 的表型变异，其中至少有五个 QTL（在染色体 2A、2B、2D、 6B，和 6D) 位于含有已知线虫抗性基因的相同染色体上。携带抗性 PBLAegilops squarrosa (436) 在其谱系中可能是阳性等位基因的可能来源。此外，经鉴定的抗线虫品系在胁迫条件下的产量表现更好，表明该种质既可以提供抗线虫性，又可以提供高产栽培品种。