Although visual feedback of the hand allows fast and accurate grasping actions, little is known about whether the nature of feedback of the hand affects performance. We investigated kinematics during precision grasping (with the index finger and thumb) when participants received different levels of hand feedback, with or without visual feedback of the target. Specifically, we compared performance when participants saw (1) no hand feedback; (2) only the two critical points on the index finger and thumb tips; (3) 21 points on all digit tips and hand joints; (4) 21 points connected by a “skeleton”, or (5) full feedback of the hand wearing a glove. When less hand feedback was available, participants took longer to execute the movement because they allowed more time to slow the reach and close the hand. When target feedback was unavailable, participants took longer to plan the movement and reached with higher velocity. We were particularly interested in investigating maximum grip aperture (MGA), which can reflect the margin of error that participants allow to compensate for uncertainty. A trend suggested that MGA was smallest when ample feedback was available (skeleton and full hand feedback, regardless of target feedback) and when only essential information about hand and target was provided (2-point hand feedback + target feedback) but increased when non-essential points were included (21-point feedback). These results suggest that visual feedback of the hand affects grasping performance and that, while more feedback is usually beneficial, this is not necessarily always the case.

尽管手的视觉反馈允许快速而准确的抓握动作，但是对于手的反馈的性质是否影响性能知之甚少。当参与者接受不同水平的手部反馈（有或没有目标的视觉反馈）时，我们在精确抓握（食指和拇指）过程中研究了运动学。具体来说，我们比较了参与者看到（1）没有手部反馈时的表现；（2）仅食指和拇指尖上的两个临界点；（3）所有指尖和手关节上的21点；（4）通过“骨骼”连接的21个点，或（5）戴着手套的手的完整反馈。当手部反馈较少时，参与者需要更长的时间来执行该动作，因为他们有更多的时间来减慢伸手并闭合手部。如果没有目标反馈，参与者花了更长的时间来计划运动，并且达到了更高的速度。我们对研究最大握持孔径（MGA）特别感兴趣，它可以反映参与者允许补偿不确定性的误差范围。趋势表明，当有足够的反馈可用时（骨架和全手反馈，而不考虑目标反馈），并且仅提供有关手和目标的基本信息（两点手反馈+目标反馈）时，MGA最小，而当未提供反馈时，MGA最小包括要点（21点反馈）。这些结果表明，手的视觉反馈会影响抓地性能，虽然通常会有更多反馈，但不一定总是这样。我们对研究最大握持孔径（MGA）特别感兴趣，它可以反映参与者允许补偿不确定性的误差范围。趋势表明，当有足够的反馈可用时（骨架和全手反馈，而不考虑目标反馈），并且仅提供有关手和目标的基本信息（两点手反馈+目标反馈）时，MGA最小，而当未提供反馈时，MGA最小包括要点（21点反馈）。这些结果表明，手的视觉反馈会影响抓地性能，虽然通常会有更多反馈，但不一定总是这样。我们对研究最大握持孔径（MGA）特别感兴趣，它可以反映参与者允许补偿不确定性的误差范围。趋势表明，当有足够的反馈可用时（骨架和全手反馈，而不考虑目标反馈），并且仅提供有关手和目标的基本信息（两点手反馈+目标反馈）时，MGA最小，而当未提供反馈时，MGA最小包括要点（21点反馈）。这些结果表明，手的视觉反馈会影响抓地性能，尽管通常会有更多反馈，但不一定总是这样。趋势表明，当有足够的反馈可用时（骨架和全手反馈，而不考虑目标反馈），并且仅提供有关手和目标的基本信息（两点手反馈+目标反馈）时，MGA最小，而当未提供反馈时，MGA最小包括要点（21点反馈）。这些结果表明，手的视觉反馈会影响抓地性能，虽然通常会有更多反馈，但不一定总是这样。趋势表明，当有足够的反馈可用时（骨架和全手反馈，而不考虑目标反馈），并且仅提供有关手和目标的基本信息（两点手反馈+目标反馈）时，MGA最小，而当未提供反馈时，MGA最小包括要点（21点反馈）。这些结果表明，手的视觉反馈会影响抓地性能，虽然通常会有更多反馈，但不一定总是这样。