AIDS is a disease caused by a chronic infection of HIV. Recently, long-term control of HIV infection has been demonstrated through the bone marrow transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC), in which the C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) gene is mutated innately. However, it is very difficult to obtain CCR5 mutant HSC that match human leukocyte antigen between donor and recipient. To solve this problem, this review will summarize and discuss various reports related to the generation of patient-specific CCR5 geneedited HSC. The fusion of current gene editing (zinc-finger nuclease, transcription activator-like effector nuclease, and clustered regulatory interspaced short palindromic repeats) and cellular reprogramming technology (somatic cell nuclear transfer, induced pluripotent stem cells technology, and direct phenotypic conversion) enables the generation of patient-specific CCR5 edited HSC. These cells can be useful as valuable therapeutic agents for long-term control of HIV-infected patients in the future.

中文翻译：

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长期控制 HIV 感染的组合策略。

艾滋病是一种由慢性感染艾滋病毒引起的疾病。最近，已经通过造血干细胞 (HSC) 的骨髓移植证明了对 HIV 感染的长期控制，其中 CC 趋化因子受体 5 (CCR5) 基因是先天突变的。然而，在供体和受体之间获得与人类白细胞抗原相匹配的CCR5突变HSC是非常困难的。为了解决这个问题，本综述将总结和讨论与患者特异性CCR5基因编辑HSC生成相关的各种报告。当前基因编辑（锌指核酸酶、转录激活因子样效应核酸酶和成簇调控间隔短回文重复序列）与细胞重编程技术（体细胞核移植、诱导多能干细胞技术、和直接表型转换）能够生成患者特定的 CCR5 编辑 HSC。这些细胞在未来可用作长期控制 HIV 感染患者的有价值的治疗剂。