Dental implantation is an important method in treating missing teeth, widely used in oral treatment. As regards to physical and mechanical properties, pure titanium (Ti) material has become the most common dental implant material for its high stability and biocompatibility, clinically. Cell-substrate interactions have vital contribution in regulating pertinent cell functions like adhesion, proliferation, and differentiation. Initiation of the signal cascades to modulate cells behavior can also relate to surface topography. Bone mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) primarily migrate and adhere to the surface of implant prosthesis in the process of cells adhesion. Moreover, it was verified that adhesion and differentiation ability of BMSCs is mainly determined by surface morphology of implant prosthesis. In this study, we employed nanoparticle cluster beam technique to establish a kind of nanoparticle surface modified Ti material to examine BMSCs' osteogenic differentiation. By examining osteospecific genes (osteocalcin, osteopontin and runx2) altered expressions, we found that nanoparticle modified Ti material can contribute to a higher up regulation of BMSCs osteogenic differentiation. During the process, ILK (integrin linked kinase) and Wnt/β-catenin signaling were expressed differentially. Mechanistically, we demonstrated that nanoparticle shaped Ti material induced osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs can be impaired by inhibiting ILK or Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Analyzation of the obtained results concludes that ILK-mediated activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling is principal for osteogenic differentiation of BMSCs, because of improved physical properties, nanoparticle modified Ti material are superior for cell attachment and osseointegration.

中文翻译：

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纳米钛颗粒通过整联蛋白/整联蛋白连接的激酶/糖原合酶激酶3β轴促进骨间充质干细胞成骨分化。

牙种植是治疗缺牙的重要方法，广泛用于口腔治疗。关于物理和机械性能，纯钛（Ti）材料由于其临床上的高稳定性和生物相容性已成为最常见的牙科植入物材料。细胞-底物相互作用在调节相关细胞功能（如粘附，增殖和分化）中起着至关重要的作用。信号级联的启动以调节细胞行为也可能与表面形貌有关。骨间充质干细胞（BMSCs）在细胞粘附过程中主要迁移并粘附到假体的表面。此外，已经证实，BMSC的粘附和分化能力主要由植入假体的表面形态决定。在这个研究中，我们采用纳米簇束技术建立了一种纳米表面改性的钛材料，以检测骨髓间充质干细胞的成骨分化。通过检查骨特异性基因（骨钙素，骨桥蛋白和runx2）改变的表达，我们发现纳米粒子修饰的Ti材料可以促进BMSCs成骨分化的更高上调。在此过程中，ILK（整合素连接激酶）和Wnt /β -catenin信号转导差异表达。从机理上讲，我们证明了通过抑制ILK或Wnt / β -catenin信号传导，可以破坏纳米级Ti材料诱导的BMSCs成骨分化。对获得的结果的分析得出结论，ILK介导的Wnt / β -catenin信号传导是BMSCs成骨分化的主要原因，由于改善的物理性能，纳米粒子修饰的Ti材料在细胞附着和骨整合方面具有优势。