Activating the I0/I+ redox couple in an aqueous I2–Zn battery to achieve a high voltage plateau,Energy & Environmental Science

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Activating the I0/I+ redox couple in an aqueous I2–Zn battery to achieve a high voltage plateau
Energy & Environmental Science ( IF 32.4 ) Pub Date : 2020-12-8 , DOI: 10.1039/d0ee03086d
Xinliang Li _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Mian Li _{4,

5,

6,

7,

8} , Zhaodong Huang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Guojin Liang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Ze Chen _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Qi Yang _{1,

2,

3,

4} , Qing Huang _{4,

5,

6,

7,

8} , Chunyi Zhi _{1,

2,

3,

4,

9}

Affiliation

Rechargeable iodine conversion batteries possess promising prospects for portable energy storage with complete electron transfer and rich valence supply. However, the reaction is limited to the single I⁻/I⁰ redox at a potential of only 0.54 V vs. the standard hydrogen electrode (SHE), leading to a low voltage plateau at 1.30 V when Zn is employed as the anode. Herein, we show how to activate the desired reversible I⁰/I⁺ redox behavior at a potential of 0.99 V vs. SHE by electrolyte tailoring via F⁻ and Cl⁻ ion-containing salts. The electronegative F⁻ and Cl⁻ ions can stabilize the I⁺ during charging. In an aqueous Zn ion battery based on an optimized ZnCl₂ + KCl electrolyte with abundant Cl⁻, the I-terminated halogenated Ti₃C₂I₂ MXene cathode delivered two well-defined discharge plateaus at 1.65 V and 1.30 V, superior to all reported aqueous I₂–metal (Zn, Fe, Cu) counterparts. Together with the 108% capacity enhancement, the high voltage output resulted in a significant 231% energy density enhancement. Metallic Ti₃C₂I₂ benefits the redox kinetics and confines the interior I species, leading to exceptional cyclic durability and rate capability. In situ Raman and ex situ multiple spectral characterizations clarify the efficient activation and stabilization effects of Cl⁻ (F⁻) ions on reversible I⁰/I⁺ redox. Our work is believed to provide new insight into designing advanced I₂–metal batteries based on the newly discovered I⁻/I⁰/I⁺ chemistry to achieve both high voltage and enhanced capacity.

中文翻译：

激活I2-Zn水溶液电池中的I0 / I +氧化还原对，以实现高压平稳

可充电的碘转换电池具有完整的电子转移和丰富的价态供应的便携式能量存储前景广阔。但是，反应被限制在单个I ^- / I ⁰的氧化还原在仅0.54 V的电势相对于标准氢电极（SHE），当将Zn被用作阳极在1.30V下导致低的电压平台。在本文中，我们将展示如何激活所需的可逆我⁰ / I ⁺ 0.99 V的氧化还原电势行为与SHE通过电解质剪裁经由˚F ^-和Cl ^-含离子的盐。电负性˚F ^-和Cl ^-离子可以在充电过程中稳定I ⁺。在基于优化的ZnCl水性锌离子电池₂ +氯化钾电解质丰富氯^-中，I封端的卤化钛₃ c ^ ₂我₂ MXene阴极在1.65 V和1.30V下输送两良好定义的放电坪，优于所有报告了I _2-金属（锌，铁，铜）的对应水溶液。加上108％的容量提高，高压输出显着提高了231％的能量密度。金属Ti ₃ C ₂ I ₂有益于氧化还原动力学并限制内部I物种，从而导致出色的循环耐久性和速率能力。原位拉曼和易地多个光谱表征澄清Cl组成的高效的激活和稳定化效果^-（F ^-可逆我离子）⁰ / I ⁺的氧化还原。我们的工作被认为提供新的见解设计先进我₂基础上，新-金属电池发现我^- / I ⁰ / I ⁺化学实现高电压和加强能力。

更新日期：2021-01-05

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