Mechanisms of Energy Transduction by Charge Translocating Membrane Proteins,Chemical Reviews

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Mechanisms of Energy Transduction by Charge Translocating Membrane Proteins
Chemical Reviews ( IF 51.4 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.0c00830
Filipa Calisto _{1,

2} , Filipe M Sousa _{1,

2} , Filipa V Sena _{1,

2} , Patricia N Refojo ₁ , Manuela M Pereira _{1,

2}

Affiliation

Life relies on the constant exchange of different forms of energy, i.e., on energy transduction. Therefore, organisms have evolved in a way to be able to harvest the energy made available by external sources (such as light or chemical compounds) and convert these into biological useable energy forms, such as the transmembrane difference of electrochemical potential (Δμ̃). Membrane proteins contribute to the establishment of Δμ̃ by coupling exergonic catalytic reactions to the translocation of charges (electrons/ions) across the membrane. Irrespectively of the energy source and consequent type of reaction, all charge-translocating proteins follow two molecular coupling mechanisms: direct- or indirect-coupling, depending on whether the translocated charge is involved in the driving reaction. In this review, we explore these two coupling mechanisms by thoroughly examining the different types of charge-translocating membrane proteins. For each protein, we analyze the respective reaction thermodynamics, electron transfer/catalytic processes, charge-translocating pathways, and ion/substrate stoichiometries.

中文翻译：

电荷易位膜蛋白的能量转导机制

生命依赖于不同形式能量的不断交换，即能量转换。因此，生物体已经进化到能够收集外部来源（例如光或化合物）提供的能量，并将这些能量转化为生物可用的能量形式，例如电化学电位的跨膜差异 (Δμ̃)。膜蛋白通过将电催化反应与跨膜电荷（电子/离子）的易位耦合，有助于建立 Δμ̃。无论能量来源和随后的反应类型如何，所有电荷转移蛋白都遵循两种分子偶联机制：直接或间接偶联，这取决于转移的电荷是否参与驱动反应。在这次审查中，我们通过彻底检查不同类型的电荷转移膜蛋白来探索这两种耦合机制。对于每种蛋白质，我们分析了各自的反应热力学、电子转移/催化过程、电荷转移途径和离子/底物化学计量。

更新日期：2021-02-10

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