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Improvements in Bladder Function Following Activity-Based Recovery Training With Epidural Stimulation After Chronic Spinal Cord Injury
Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-05 , DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2020.614691
April N. Herrity , Sevda C. Aslan , Beatrice Ugiliweneza , Ahmad Z. Mohamed , Charles H. Hubscher , Susan J. Harkema

Spinal cord injury (SCI) results in profound neurologic impairment with widespread deficits in sensorimotor and autonomic systems. Voluntary and autonomic control of bladder function is disrupted resulting in possible detrusor overactivity, low compliance, and uncoordinated bladder and external urethral sphincter contractions impairing storage and/or voiding. Conservative treatments managing neurogenic bladder post-injury, such as oral pharmacotherapy and catheterization, are important components of urological surveillance and clinical care. However, as urinary complications continue to impact long-term morbidity in this population, additional therapeutic and rehabilitative approaches are needed that aim to improve function by targeting the recovery of underlying impairments. Several human and animal studies, including our previously published reports, have documented gains in bladder function due to activity-based recovery strategies, such as locomotor training. Furthermore, epidural stimulation of the spinal cord (scES) combined with intense activity-based recovery training has been shown to produce volitional lower extremity movement, standing, as well as improve the regulation of cardiovascular function. In our center, several participants anecdotally reported improvements in bladder function as a result of training with epidural stimulation configured for motor systems. Thus, in this study, the effects of activity-based recovery training in combination with scES were tested on bladder function, resulting in improvements in overall bladder storage parameters relative to a control cohort (no intervention). However, elevated blood pressure elicited during bladder distention, characteristic of autonomic dysreflexia, was not attenuated with training. We then examined, in a separate, large cross-sectional cohort, the interaction between detrusor pressure and blood pressure at maximum capacity, and found that the functional relationship between urinary bladder distention and blood pressure regulation is disrupted. Regardless of one’s bladder emptying method (indwelling suprapubic catheter vs. intermittent catheterization), autonomic instability can play a critical role in the ability to improve bladder storage, with SCI enhancing the vesico-vascular reflex. These results support the role of intersystem stimulation, integrating scES for both bladder and cardiovascular function to further improve bladder storage.

中文翻译:

慢性脊髓损伤后硬膜外刺激进行基于活动的恢复训练后膀胱功能的改善

脊髓损伤 (SCI) 导致严重的神经损伤,感觉运动和自主神经系统普遍存在缺陷。膀胱功能的自愿和自主控制被破坏,导致可能的逼尿肌过度活动、低顺应性和不协调的膀胱和尿道外括约肌收缩,从而损害储存和/或排尿。管理神经源性膀胱损伤后的保守治疗,例如口服药物治疗和导管插入术,是泌尿科监测和临床护理的重要组成部分。然而,由于泌尿系统并发症继续影响该人群的长期发病率,因此需要额外的治疗和康复方法,旨在通过针对潜在损伤的恢复来改善功能。多项人类和动物研究,包括我们之前发表的报告,已经记录了由于基于活动的恢复策略(例如运动训练)而使膀胱功能得到改善。此外,脊髓硬膜外刺激 (scES) 与基于剧烈活动的恢复训练相结合,已被证明可以产生有意识的下肢运动、站立以及改善心血管功能的调节。在我们的中心,一些参与者传闻说,由于针对运动系统配置的硬膜外刺激训练,膀胱功能得到了改善。因此,在本研究中,基于活动的恢复训练与 scES 相结合对膀胱功能的影响进行了测试,导致相对于对照组(无干预)的整体膀胱存储参数有所改善。然而,膀胱扩张引起的血压升高是自主神经反射异常的特征,但不会随着训练而减弱。然后,我们在一个单独的大型横断面队列中检查了逼尿肌压力与最大容量血压之间的相互作用,发现膀胱膨胀与血压调节之间的功能关系被破坏。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。自主神经反射异常的特征,不会随着训练而减弱。然后,我们在一个单独的大型横断面队列中检查了逼尿肌压力与最大容量血压之间的相互作用,发现膀胱膨胀与血压调节之间的功能关系被破坏。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。自主神经反射异常的特征,不会随着训练而减弱。然后,我们在一个单独的大型横断面队列中检查了逼尿肌压力与最大容量血压之间的相互作用,发现膀胱膨胀与血压调节之间的功能关系被破坏。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。最大容量时逼尿肌压力与血压的相互作用,发现膀胱扩张与血压调节之间的功能关系被破坏。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。最大容量时逼尿肌压力与血压的相互作用,发现膀胱扩张与血压调节之间的功能关系被破坏。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。不管一个人的膀胱排空方法(留置耻骨上导管与间歇性导管插入术),自主神经不稳定可以在改善膀胱储存能力方面发挥关键作用,SCI 增强了膀胱血管反射。这些结果支持系统间刺激的作用,将 scES 用于膀胱和心血管功能,以进一步改善膀胱储存。
更新日期:2021-01-05
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