ABSTRACT Smart buildings are complex systems, yet architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) professionals often perform their work without considering the human factors of building occupants. Traditionally, the AEC industry has employed a linear design and delivery approach. As buildings become smarter, the AEC industry must adapt. To maximize human well-being and the operational performance of smart buildings, an iterative, human-centred approach must be employed. The omission of human factors in the design and delivery of smart building systems risks misalignment between occupant-user needs and the AEC industry’s perception of occupant-user needs. This research proposes a human-centred approach to smart housing. The study employed a multi-phase, mixed-methods research design. Data were collected from 309 high performance housing units in the United States. Longitudinal energy use data, occupant surveys, and semi-structured interviews are the primary data inputs. Affinity diagramming was leveraged to categorize the qualitative data. The output of the affinity diagramming analysis and energy analysis led to the development of data-driven Personas that communicate smart housing user needs. While these data were gathered in the United States, researchers, practitioners, and policy-makers can leverage the human-centred approach presented in this paper toward the design of other human-centred buildings and infrastructure.

中文翻译：

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以人为本的智能住宅方法

摘要 智能建筑是复杂的系统，但建筑、工程和施工 (AEC) 专业人员通常在不考虑建筑物居住者的人为因素的情况下开展工作。传统上，AEC 行业采用线性设计和交付方法。随着建筑变得更加智能，AEC 行业必须适应。为了最大限度地提高人类福祉和智能建筑的运行性能，必须采用以人为本的迭代方法。在智能建筑系统的设计和交付中忽略人为因素可能会导致居住者-用户需求与 AEC 行业对居住者-用户需求的看法不一致。这项研究提出了一种以人为本的智能住宅方法。该研究采用了多阶段、混合方法的研究设计。数据来自美国的 309 个高性能住宅单元。纵向能源使用数据、居住者调查和半结构化访谈是主要的数据输入。利用亲和图对定性数据进行分类。亲和图分析和能量分析的输出导致了数据驱动角色的开发，这些角色传达了智能住宅用户的需求。虽然这些数据是在美国收集的，但研究人员、从业人员和政策制定者可以利用本文中提出的以人为本的方法来设计其他以人为本的建筑和基础设施。亲和图分析和能量分析的输出导致了数据驱动角色的开发，这些角色传达了智能住宅用户的需求。虽然这些数据是在美国收集的，但研究人员、从业人员和政策制定者可以利用本文中提出的以人为本的方法来设计其他以人为本的建筑和基础设施。亲和图分析和能量分析的输出导致了数据驱动角色的开发，这些角色传达了智能住宅用户的需求。虽然这些数据是在美国收集的，但研究人员、从业人员和政策制定者可以利用本文中提出的以人为本的方法来设计其他以人为本的建筑和基础设施。