In massive MIMO systems, the training phase provides opportunity for an eavesdropper to attack legitimate communications, which is known as pilot spoofing attack (PSA). This paper proposes an algorithm to detect the PSA based on the transmission of dedicated signals. In contrast to existing methods, the proposed scheme doesn’t rely on a prior knowledge of large-scale factors. Specifically, the user sends pilots to the base station, where the channel estimation is performed. After that, dedicated signals are constructed using the channel estimation result and then sent back to users. These signals are divided into two parts, where the first part helps acquire the large-scale fading factors and the second one is exploited for the PSA detection. In addition, performance analysis concerning the probability of detection is presented, particularly the impact of key parameters on it. Finally, numerical simulations are carried out to validate the proposed PSA detection method.

在大规模MIMO系统中，训练阶段为窃听者提供了攻击合法通信的机会，这被称为导频欺骗攻击（PSA）。本文提出了一种基于专用信号传输的PSA检测算法。与现有方法相比，所提出的方案不依赖于先验方法。大规模因素的知识。具体地，用户将导频发送到基站，在该基站执行信道估计。之后，使用信道估计结果构造专用信号，然后将其发送回用户。这些信号分为两部分，第一部分帮助获取大规模衰落因子，第二部分用于PSA检测。此外，还提供了有关检测概率的性能分析，尤其是关键参数对其的影响。最后，通过数值模拟来验证所提出的PSA检测方法。