In recent years, researchers have shown interest in bi-directional interaction between the brain and gut, called “gut-brain axis”. Emerging pieces of evidence indicate that disturbances in this axis is found to be associated with the Parkinson’s disease (PD). Several clinical investigations revealed the crucial role of gut microbiota in the pathogenesis of PD. It has been suggested that aggregation of misfolded protein α-syn, the neuropathological hallmark of PD, might begin in gut and propagates to the CNS via vagus nerve and olfactory bulb. Emerging evidences also suggest that initiation and progression of PD may be due to inflammation originating from gut. It has been shown that microbial gut dysbiosis causes the production of various pathogenic microbial metabolites which elevates pro-inflammatory environment in the gut that promotes neuroinflammation in the CNS. These observations raise the intriguing question - how gut microbial dysbiosis could contribute to PD progression. In this context, various microbiota-targeted therapies are under consideration that can re-establish the intestinal homeostasis which may have greater promise in the prevention and treatment of PD. This review focuses on the role of the gut microbiota in the initiation, progression of PD and current therapeutic intervention to deplete the severity of the disease.

近年来，研究人员对大脑和肠道之间的双向相互作用（称为“肠-脑轴”）表现出兴趣。新出现的证据表明，发现该轴的紊乱与帕金森病 (PD) 相关。多项临床研究揭示了肠道菌群在 PD 发病机制中的关键作用。有人提出错误折叠蛋白 α-syn 的聚集，即 PD 的神经病理学标志，可能从肠道开始，并通过迷走神经和嗅球传播到中枢神经系统。新出现的证据还表明，PD 的发生和进展可能是由于源自肠道的炎症。已经表明，微生物肠道菌群失调会导致产生各种致病微生物代谢物，从而提升肠道内的促炎环境，从而促进中枢神经系统的神经炎症。这些观察结果提出了一个有趣的问题——肠道微生物失调如何促进 PD 进展。在这种情况下，正在考虑各种微生物群靶向疗法，这些疗法可以重建肠道稳态，这可能在 PD 的预防和治疗中具有更大的前景。本综述重点关注肠道微生物群在 PD 的发生、进展和当前治疗干预中的作用，以减轻疾病的严重程度。正在考虑各种微生物群靶向疗法，这些疗法可以重建肠道稳态，这可能在 PD 的预防和治疗中具有更大的前景。本综述重点关注肠道微生物群在 PD 的发生、进展和当前治疗干预中的作用，以减轻疾病的严重程度。正在考虑各种微生物群靶向疗法，这些疗法可以重建肠道稳态，这可能在 PD 的预防和治疗中具有更大的前景。本综述重点关注肠道微生物群在 PD 的发生、进展和当前治疗干预中的作用，以减轻疾病的严重程度。