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Cephalopods habitat and trophic ecology: historical data using snares penguin as biological sampler
Polar Biology ( IF 1.7 ) Pub Date : 2021-01-04 , DOI: 10.1007/s00300-020-02776-2
H. R. Guímaro , D. R. Thompson , V. H. Paiva , F. R. Ceia , D. M. Cunningham , P. J. Moors , J. C. Xavier

In the Southern Ocean and adjacent waters, early stages of cephalopods play an important role in food webs as prey to top predators, but few is known regarding their biology and availability. Snares Penguin, Eudyptes robustus, is a top predator endemic to Snares Islands (New Zealand) that feed on cephalopods. As historical data on diet are rare for this species, Snares Penguins were used as biological samplers to evaluate the cephalopod component of its diet, where habitat and trophic level of cephalopods around the Snares Islands was assessed through stable isotope analysis. Moreover, ontogenic changes of juvenile squid were evaluated. Data collection were carried out during the breeding season 1986–87 and its analysis revealed that penguins fed on three juvenile cephalopod species: two squids (Nototodarus sloanii and Moroteuthopsis ingens) and one octopod (Octopus campbelli). Nototodarus sloanii was the most important species in frequency of occurrence and mass, whereas M. ingens was the most important in number. Juvenile squid species showed similar δ13C values, suggesting both occupied similar habitats on the Snares shelf, whereas juvenile O. campbelli showed lower δ13C values. Moreover, O. campbelli fed on higher trophic level (δ15N) prey relative to squid species. Lower diversity and larger sizes of cephalopods were found when compared with data from 2002. This study shows that Snares Penguin can be a good local biological sampler of juvenile cephalopods during their breeding season, providing both essential biogeographic information of cephalopod diversity and relevant historical information for the conservation of this endemic penguin species.



中文翻译:

头足类动物的栖息地和营养生态:使用圈套企鹅作为生物采样器的历史数据

在南大洋和邻近水域,头足类的早期阶段在食物网中扮演着重要的掠食者的重要角色,但对其生物学和可利用性知之甚少。Snares Penguin,Eudyptesrobustus,是捕食头足类动物的Snares群岛(新西兰)的特有捕食者。由于该物种的饮食历史数据很少,因此将军人企鹅用作生物采样器来评估其饮食中的头足类成分,并通过稳定的同位素分析评估了该军人圈中头足类的栖息地和营养水平。此外,评估了鱿鱼的个体发生变化。数据收集是在1986-87繁殖季节进行的,其分析显示,企鹅以三种头足类幼鱼为食:两种鱿鱼(Nototodarus sloaniiMoroteuthopsis ingens)和一个章鱼(章鱼章鱼)。就发生频率和质量而言,Nototodarus sloanii是最重要的物种,而M. ingens的数量和数量最重要。少年鱿鱼物种显示出相似的δ 13 C值,提示两者占据的圈套货架上相似的生境,而少年O.足鼠显示出较低的δ 13 C值。此外,O.足鼠喂以高营养水平(δ 15N)相对于鱿鱼物种的猎物。与2002年的数据相比,发现头足类动物的多样性较低,大小较大。这项研究表明,Snares Penguin可以作为幼年头足类动物在繁殖季节的良好本地生物采样器,既提供了头足类动物多样性的基本生物地理信息,又提供了有关头足类动物多样性的相关历史信息。该特有企鹅物种的保护。

更新日期:2021-01-05
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