Rapid damage assessment of natural disasters is essential for the fast recovery and strategic post-disaster reconstructions. In the present study, National Polar-Orbiting Partnership Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (NPP-VIIRS) day/night band (DNB)-extracted night-time lights (NTL) data were explored for damage assessment caused by extremely severe cyclonic storm ‘AMPHAN’ that struck one of the most populous regions in India. The disaster impact was measured on two parameters: population and crop land area, where NTL density and population density were found to be strongly correlated (r² > 0.8). From power outage intensity, three ‘crisis zones’ indicating the severity of cyclone damage were identified. Finally, the assessment found that the total affected population and crop land area were nearly 70% and 66%, respectively, of the study area. Therefore, NPP-VIIRS DNB image-based rapid damage assessment is potentially a useful tool for generating first hand information about the physical damages caused by extreme events.

自然灾害的快速损失评估对于快速恢复和战略性灾后重建至关重要。在本研究中，探索了国家极地轨道合作伙伴可见红外成像辐射计套件 (NPP-VIIRS) 日/夜波段 (DNB) 提取的夜间灯光 (NTL) 数据，用于评估由极端严重的气旋风暴“AMPHAN”造成的损害' 这袭击了印度人口最多的地区之一。灾害影响是根据两个参数来衡量的：人口和农田面积，其中 NTL 密度和人口密度被发现有很强的相关性 ( r ² > 0.8)。根据停电强度，确定了三个表明飓风破坏严重程度的“危机区”。最后，评估发现，受影响的总人口和耕地面积分别接近研究区域的 70% 和 66%。因此，基于 NPP-VIIRS DNB 图像的快速损害评估可能是一种有用的工具，可用于生成有关极端事件造成的物理损害的第一手信息。